Questions & Answers
ICSE - Grade - 9
Subject: Biology
Chapter - 10 - Nutrition
Types of Questions
MCQ
- Which of the following is a monosaccharide?
a) Lactose
b) Starch
c) Glucose
d) Maltose
Answer: c) Glucose - Fructose is mainly found in:
a) Milk
b) Fruits
c) Meat
d) Eggs
Answer: b) Fruits - Galactose is present in:
a) Milk
b) Fruits
c) Vegetables
d) Fish
Answer: a) Milk - Lactose is made up of:
a) Glucose + Fructose
b) Glucose + Galactose
c) Fructose + Galactose
d) Glucose + Glucose
Answer: b) Glucose + Galactose - Maltose is composed of:
a) Two glucose molecules
b) Glucose + Fructose
c) Glucose + Galactose
d) Two fructose molecules
Answer: a) Two glucose molecules - Starch is classified as a:
a) Monosaccharide
b) Disaccharide
c) Polysaccharide
d) Protein
Answer: c) Polysaccharide - Glycogen is stored in:
a) Brain
b) Liver and muscles
c) Heart
d) Stomach
Answer: b) Liver and muscles - Cellulose is important for:
a) Energy
b) Body repair
c) Dietary fibre
d) Hormone synthesis
Answer: c) Dietary fibre - The main function of carbohydrates is:
a) Growth and repair
b) Energy provision
c) Water balance
d) Immunity
Answer: b) Energy provision - Fats primarily provide:
a) Vitamins
b) Energy and insulation
c) Proteins
d) Minerals
Answer: b) Energy and insulation - Proteins are mainly required for:
a) Growth and repair
b) Energy storage
c) Water balance
d) Hormone production
Answer: a) Growth and repair - Kwashiorkar is caused due to deficiency of:
a) Carbohydrates
b) Proteins
c) Fats
d) Vitamins
Answer: b) Proteins - Marasmus occurs due to deficiency of:
a) Proteins only
b) Overall nutrients
c) Carbohydrates only
d) Fats only
Answer: b) Overall nutrients - Calcium is essential for:
a) Muscle contraction
b) Bone and teeth formation
c) Nerve impulses
d) Blood clotting
Answer: b) Bone and teeth formation - Phosphorus is required for:
a) Nerve function
b) Bones, teeth, and ATP
c) Blood clotting
d) Vision
Answer: b) Bones, teeth, and ATP - Iron is necessary for:
a) Bone formation
b) Hemoglobin formation
c) Water balance
d) Hormone production
Answer: b) Hemoglobin formation - Iodine deficiency causes:
a) Rickets
b) Goitre
c) Anaemia
d) Night blindness
Answer: b) Goitre - Potassium helps in:
a) Vision
b) Nerve and muscle function
c) Bone formation
d) Hormone production
Answer: b) Nerve and muscle function - Sodium helps in:
a) Digestion
b) Maintaining osmotic balance
c) Vision
d) Energy production
Answer: b) Maintaining osmotic balance - Vitamin A deficiency causes:
a) Scurvy
b) Rickets
c) Night blindness
d) Anaemia
Answer: c) Night blindness - Vitamin D is required for:
a) Vision
b) Calcium absorption
c) Hemoglobin synthesis
d) Energy production
Answer: b) Calcium absorption - Vitamin C is important for:
a) Night vision
b) Wound healing and immunity
c) Bone formation
d) Nerve function
Answer: b) Wound healing and immunity - Vitamin K is necessary for:
a) Vision
b) Blood clotting
c) Energy production
d) Muscle contraction
Answer: b) Blood clotting - Water is essential for:
a) Energy storage
b) Transportation of nutrients
c) Protein synthesis only
d) Fat storage
Answer: b) Transportation of nutrients - A balanced diet ensures:
a) Proper growth, repair, and energy
b) Only energy provision
c) Only repair of tissues
d) Only mineral balance
Answer: a) Proper growth, repair, and energy - Malnutrition occurs due to:
a) Excess water
b) Lack of balanced diet
c) Excess vitamins
d) Too much carbohydrate
Answer: b) Lack of balanced diet - Glucose is absorbed in the:
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Liver
Answer: b) Small intestine - Fats help in:
a) Energy storage and insulation
b) Protein synthesis
c) Vision
d) Blood clotting
Answer: a) Energy storage and insulation - Kwashiorkar shows the symptom of:
a) Swollen belly
b) Thin limbs
c) Night blindness
d) Anaemia
Answer: a) Swollen belly - Marasmus shows the symptom of:
a) Swollen belly
b) Severe thinness
c) Goitre
d) Night blindness
Answer: b) Severe thinness - Proteins are composed of:
a) Sugars
b) Amino acids
c) Fatty acids
d) Minerals
Answer: b) Amino acids - Calcium deficiency leads to:
a) Rickets
b) Anaemia
c) Goitre
d) Night blindness
Answer: a) Rickets - Iron deficiency leads to:
a) Rickets
b) Anaemia
c) Marasmus
d) Kwashiorkar
Answer: b) Anaemia - Dietary fibre helps in:
a) Smooth bowel movement
b) Energy production
c) Protein synthesis
d) Hormone production
Answer: a) Smooth bowel movement - Minerals are:
a) Organic nutrients
b) Inorganic nutrients
c) Polysaccharides
d) Proteins
Answer: b) Inorganic nutrients - Sugars and starch are examples of:
a) Proteins
b) Fats
c) Carbohydrates
d) Vitamins
Answer: c) Carbohydrates - Energy requirement for maintenance of body comes from:
a) Vitamins only
b) Minerals only
c) Carbohydrates and fats
d) Proteins only
Answer: c) Carbohydrates and fats - Proteins help in the provision of:
a) Energy only
b) Raw materials for repair
c) Vitamins
d) Minerals
Answer: b) Raw materials for repair - Vitamins protect the body by:
a) Acting as coenzymes and antioxidants
b) Providing energy
c) Forming bones
d) Storing fat
Answer: a) Acting as coenzymes and antioxidants - Glucose is transported to cells for:
a) Storage
b) Immediate energy
c) Protein synthesis
d) Mineral absorption
Answer: b) Immediate energy - Starch is stored in plants in the form of:
a) Granules
b) Glycogen
c) Fats
d) Amino acids
Answer: a) Granules - Glycogen is also called:
a) Plant starch
b) Animal starch
c) Glucose
d) Maltose
Answer: b) Animal starch - Cellulose is important because:
a) Provides roughage to diet
b) Provides energy
c) Stores fats
d) Forms proteins
Answer: a) Provides roughage to diet - Balanced diet includes:
a) Only carbohydrates and fats
b) Only proteins and vitamins
c) Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water
d) Only minerals and water
Answer: c) Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water - Kwashiorkar mainly affects:
a) Adults
b) Children aged 1–3 years
c) Infants below 6 months
d) Teenagers
Answer: b) Children aged 1–3 years - Marasmus is also called:
a) Starvation disease
b) Protein deficiency disease
c) Vitamin deficiency disease
d) Mineral deficiency disease
Answer: a) Starvation disease - Iodine is required for the synthesis of:
a) Hemoglobin
b) Thyroid hormones
c) Proteins
d) Calcium
Answer: b) Thyroid hormones - Vitamin C deficiency causes:
a) Night blindness
b) Scurvy
c) Rickets
d) Goitre
Answer: b) Scurvy - Sodium and potassium help in:
a) Energy storage
b) Maintaining nerve impulses and fluid balance
c) Vitamin synthesis
d) Bone formation
Answer: b) Maintaining nerve impulses and fluid balance - Carbohydrates are mainly stored in humans as:
a) Starch
b) Glycogen
c) Cellulose
d) Maltose
Answer: b) Glycogen
Fill in the Blanks
- The process by which organisms take in food and utilize it is called __________.
Answer: Nutrition - The main nutrient that provides energy in the human body is __________.
Answer: Carbohydrates - The sugar present in milk is __________.
Answer: Lactose - The sugar present in fruits is __________.
Answer: Fructose - The sugar formed by combining two glucose molecules is __________.
Answer: Maltose - The polysaccharide stored in plants is __________.
Answer: Starch - The polysaccharide stored in animals is __________.
Answer: Glycogen - The polysaccharide that provides roughage in the diet is __________.
Answer: Cellulose - Nutrients required for growth and repair are called __________.
Answer: Proteins - The nutrient that provides the highest energy per gram is __________.
Answer: Fats - The disease caused by protein deficiency in children is called __________.
Answer: Kwashiorkar - The disease caused by overall deficiency of nutrients in infants is __________.
Answer: Marasmus - Calcium is essential for __________.
Answer: Formation of bones and teeth - Phosphorus is required for __________.
Answer: Bones, teeth, and ATP formation - Iron is necessary for __________.
Answer: Hemoglobin formation - Iodine deficiency leads to __________.
Answer: Goitre - Potassium helps in __________.
Answer: Nerve and muscle function - Sodium helps in __________.
Answer: Maintaining osmotic balance - Vitamin A deficiency causes __________.
Answer: Night blindness - Vitamin D is required for __________.
Answer: Calcium absorption - Vitamin C is important for __________.
Answer: Wound healing and immunity - Vitamin K is necessary for __________.
Answer: Blood clotting - Water is essential for __________.
Answer: Transportation of nutrients - A diet containing all essential nutrients in proper amounts is called __________.
Answer: Balanced diet - Lack of proper nutrients in the diet leads to __________.
Answer: Malnutrition - Glucose is absorbed in the __________.
Answer: Small intestine - Fats provide energy and act as __________.
Answer: Insulation - Kwashiorkar shows the symptom of a __________ belly.
Answer: Swollen - Marasmus shows the symptom of __________ thinness.
Answer: Severe - Proteins are made up of building blocks called __________.
Answer: Amino acids - Calcium deficiency leads to __________.
Answer: Rickets - Iron deficiency leads to __________.
Answer: Anaemia - Dietary fibre helps in __________.
Answer: Smooth bowel movement - Minerals are __________ nutrients.
Answer: Inorganic - Sugars and starch are examples of __________.
Answer: Carbohydrates - Energy required for maintenance comes from __________ and __________.
Answer: Carbohydrates; fats - Proteins provide __________ for repair of tissues.
Answer: Raw materials - Vitamins act as __________ and antioxidants in the body.
Answer: Coenzymes - Glucose is transported to cells for __________.
Answer: Immediate energy - Starch is stored in plants in the form of __________.
Answer: Granules - Glycogen is also called __________.
Answer: Animal starch - Cellulose provides __________ to the diet.
Answer: Roughage - Kwashiorkar mainly affects children aged __________ years.
Answer: 1–3 - Marasmus is also called __________ disease.
Answer: Starvation - Iodine is required for the synthesis of __________ hormones.
Answer: Thyroid - Vitamin C deficiency causes __________.
Answer: Scurvy - Sodium and potassium help in __________ and fluid balance.
Answer: Nerve impulses - Carbohydrates are mainly stored in humans as __________.
Answer: Glycogen - The sugar present in milk other than glucose is __________.
Answer: Galactose - Nutrients required in small quantities that are organic in nature are called __________.
Answer: Vitamins
Name the Following
- Name the process by which organisms take in food and utilize it.
Answer: Nutrition - Name the nutrient that provides the main source of energy in the human body.
Answer: Carbohydrates - Name the sugar present in honey and fruits.
Answer: Fructose - Name the sugar present in milk.
Answer: Lactose - Name the sugar that forms when two glucose molecules combine.
Answer: Maltose - Name the polysaccharide stored in plants.
Answer: Starch - Name the polysaccharide stored in animals.
Answer: Glycogen - Name the polysaccharide that provides roughage in the human diet.
Answer: Cellulose - Name the nutrient mainly required for growth and repair of tissues.
Answer: Proteins - Name the nutrient that provides the highest energy per gram.
Answer: Fats - Name the disease caused by protein deficiency in children aged 1–3 years.
Answer: Kwashiorkar - Name the disease caused by deficiency of overall nutrients in infants and children.
Answer: Marasmus - Name the mineral required for the formation of bones and teeth.
Answer: Calcium - Name the mineral required along with calcium for bones and teeth formation.
Answer: Phosphorus - Name the mineral essential for hemoglobin formation.
Answer: Iron - Name the mineral required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones.
Answer: Iodine - Name the mineral essential for nerve and muscle function.
Answer: Potassium - Name the mineral required for maintaining osmotic balance.
Answer: Sodium - Name the vitamin responsible for night vision.
Answer: Vitamin A - Name the vitamin essential for absorption of calcium and phosphorus.
Answer: Vitamin D - Name the vitamin important for blood clotting.
Answer: Vitamin K - Name the vitamin required for wound healing and immunity.
Answer: Vitamin C - Name the nutrient that forms enzymes and hormones.
Answer: Proteins - Name the nutrient required in large quantities for body functions and growth.
Answer: Water - Name the nutrient class that is inorganic and needed in small amounts.
Answer: Mineral salts - Name the disease caused by iodine deficiency.
Answer: Goitre - Name the deficiency disease caused by vitamin C deficiency.
Answer: Scurvy - Name the polysaccharide found in plant cell walls.
Answer: Cellulose - Name the stored form of carbohydrate in the liver and muscles.
Answer: Glycogen - Name the main sugar used for immediate energy by cells.
Answer: Glucose - Name the condition caused due to an unbalanced diet.
Answer: Malnutrition - Name the diet that contains all essential nutrients in proper amounts.
Answer: Balanced diet - Name the type of nutrient that provides raw materials for repair of tissues.
Answer: Proteins - Name the nutrient that provides energy for maintenance of body activities.
Answer: Carbohydrates and fats - Name the fatty substance stored under the skin for insulation.
Answer: Fat - Name the nutrient class that protects the body from diseases.
Answer: Vitamins - Name the nutrient that is a major component of cytoplasm and body fluids.
Answer: Water - Name the disease characterized by a swollen belly in children.
Answer: Kwashiorkar - Name the disease characterized by severe thinness in infants.
Answer: Marasmus - Name the sugar present in milk other than glucose.
Answer: Galactose - Name the process of converting food into energy and body-building materials.
Answer: Nutrition - Name the organic nutrient that does not provide energy but is essential in small amounts.
Answer: Vitamins - Name the inorganic nutrients that help in enzyme function and body regulation.
Answer: Mineral salts - Name the nutrient that helps in smooth bowel movement.
Answer: Cellulose / Dietary fibre - Name the vitamin that prevents night blindness.
Answer: Vitamin A - Name the vitamin that prevents rickets.
Answer: Vitamin D - Name the deficiency disease caused by lack of protein and calories.
Answer: Marasmus - Name the mineral required for proper heart function.
Answer: Potassium - Name the sugar found in fruits that is a monosaccharide.
Answer: Fructose - Name the macronutrient essential for protection, repair, growth, and energy.
Answer: Proteins
Answer in One Word
- The process by which organisms take in and use food.
Answer: Nutrition - The main source of energy in the human body.
Answer: Carbohydrates - The sugar found in milk.
Answer: Lactose - The sugar present in fruits.
Answer: Fructose - The sugar formed by two glucose molecules.
Answer: Maltose - Polysaccharide stored in plants.
Answer: Starch - Polysaccharide stored in animals.
Answer: Glycogen - Polysaccharide providing roughage in diet.
Answer: Cellulose - Nutrients required for growth and repair.
Answer: Proteins - Nutrient that provides the highest energy per gram.
Answer: Fats - Disease caused by protein deficiency in children.
Answer: Kwashiorkar - Disease caused by overall nutrient deficiency in infants.
Answer: Marasmus - Mineral required for bones and teeth.
Answer: Calcium - Mineral required along with calcium for bones and teeth.
Answer: Phosphorus - Mineral essential for hemoglobin formation.
Answer: Iron - Mineral required for synthesis of thyroid hormones.
Answer: Iodine - Mineral essential for nerve and muscle function.
Answer: Potassium - Mineral required for osmotic balance.
Answer: Sodium - Vitamin responsible for night vision.
Answer: A - Vitamin essential for calcium absorption.
Answer: D - Vitamin required for wound healing and immunity.
Answer: C - Vitamin necessary for blood clotting.
Answer: K - Nutrient essential for transport of substances in the body.
Answer: Water - Diet containing all essential nutrients in proper amounts.
Answer: Balanced - Condition caused by lack of proper nutrients.
Answer: Malnutrition - Organ where glucose is absorbed.
Answer: Small intestine - Nutrient that provides insulation and energy storage.
Answer: Fat - Kwashiorkar shows a __________ belly.
Answer: Swollen - Marasmus shows __________ thinness.
Answer: Severe - Proteins are made up of __________.
Answer: Amino acids - Deficiency of calcium leads to __________.
Answer: Rickets - Deficiency of iron causes __________.
Answer: Anaemia - Fibre helps in __________ movement.
Answer: Bowel - Minerals are __________ nutrients.
Answer: Inorganic - Sugars and starch belong to __________.
Answer: Carbohydrates - Nutrients that provide energy for maintenance.
Answer: Carbohydrates and fats - Proteins provide __________ for repair.
Answer: Raw materials - Vitamins act as __________ in the body.
Answer: Coenzymes - Glucose is used for __________ energy.
Answer: Immediate - Starch is stored in plants as __________.
Answer: Granules - Glycogen is also called __________.
Answer: Animal starch - Cellulose provides __________ to the diet.
Answer: Roughage - Kwashiorkar mainly affects children aged __________.
Answer: 1–3 - Marasmus is also called __________ disease.
Answer: Starvation - Iodine is required for __________ hormone synthesis.
Answer: Thyroid - Vitamin C deficiency causes __________.
Answer: Scurvy - Sodium and potassium help in __________ and fluid balance.
Answer: Nerve impulses - Carbohydrates are stored in humans as __________.
Answer: Glycogen - Sugar present in milk other than glucose.
Answer: Galactose - Nutrients required in small quantities that are organic.
Answer: Vitamins
ICSE - Grade 9 - Physics
All Chapters
- Chapter 1 Measurement and Experimentation
- Chapter 2 Motion in one dimension
- Chapter 3 Laws of Motion
- Chapter 4 Pressure in fluids and Atmospheric pressure
- Chapter 5 Upthrust in Fluids, Archimedes’ Principle and Floatation
- Chapter 6 Heat and energy
- Chapter 7 Reflection of light
- Chapter 8 Propagation of Sound waves
- Chapter 9 Current Electricity
- Chapter 10 Magnetism
ICSE - Grade 9 - Chemistry
All Chapters
- Chapter 1 The Language of Chemistry
- Chapter 2 Chemical Changes and Reactions
- Chapter 3 Water
- Chapter 4 Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonding
- Chapter 5 The periodic table
- Chapter 6 Study of the first Element Hydrogen
- Chapter 7 Study of Gas laws
- Chapter 8 Atmospheric Pollution
ICSE - Grade 9 - Mathematics
All Chapters
- Chapter 1 Rational and Irrational Numbers
- Chapter 2 Compound Interest [Without Using Formula]
- Chapter 3 Compound Interest [Using Formula]
- Chapter 4 Expansions
- Chapter 5 Factorisation
- Chapter 6 Simultaneous Equations
- Chapter 7 Indices
- Chapter 8 Logarithms
- Chapter 9 Triangles
- Chapter 10 Isosceles Triangles
- Chapter 11 Inequalities
- Chapter 12 Midpoint and Its Converse
- Chapter 13 Pythagoras Theorem
- Chapter 14 Rectilinear Figures
- Chapter 15 Construction of Polygons
- Chapter 16 Area Theorems
- Chapter 17 Circle
- Chapter 18 Statistics
- Chapter 19 Mean and Median
- Chapter 20 Area and Perimeter of Plane Figures
- Chapter 21 Solids
- Chapter 22 Trigonometrical Ratios
- Chapter 23 Trigonometrical Ratios of Standard Angles
- Chapter 24 Solutions of Right Triangles
- Chapter 25 Complementary Angles
- Chapter 26 Coordinate Geometry
- Chapter 27 Graphical Solution
- Chapter 28 Distance Formula
ICSE - Grade 9 - Biology
All Chapters
- Chapter 1 Introducing Biology
- Chapter 2 Cell: The Unit Of Life
- Chapter 3 Tissues: Plant And Animal Tissue
- Chapter 4 The Flower
- Chapter 5 Pollination and Fertilization
- Chapter 6 Seeds: Structure and Germination
- Chapter 7 Respiration in Plants
- Chapter 8 Five Kingdom Classification
- Chapter 9 Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi
- Chapter 10 Nutrition
- Chapter 11 Digestive system
- Chapter 12 Skeleton: Movement and Locomotion
- Chapter 13 Skin: The Jack of all trades
- Chapter 14 The Respiratory System
- Chapter 15 Hygiene: [A key to Healthy Life]
- Chapter 16 Diseases: Cause and Control
- Chapter 17 Aids to Health
- Chapter 18 Health Organizations
- Chapter 19 Waste Generation and Management
ICSE - Grade 9 - History
All Chapters
- Chapter 1 – The Harappan Civilisation
- Chapter 2 – The Vedic Period
- Chapter 3 – Jainism and Buddhism
- Chapter 4 – The Mauryan Empire
- History — Chapter 5
The Sangam Age - Chapter 6 – The Age of the Guptas
- Chapter 7 – Medieval India — (A) The Cholas
- Chapter 8 – Medieval India — (B) The Delhi Sultanate
- Chapter 9 – Medieval India — (C) The Mughal Empire
- Chapter 10 – Medieval India — (D) Composite Culture
- Chapter 11 – The Modern Age in Europe — (A) Renaissance
- Chapter 12 – The Modern Age in Europe — (B) Reformation
- Chapter 13 – The Modern Age in Europe — (C) Industrial Revolution
ICSE - Grade 9 - Civics
All Chapters
- Chapter 1: Our Constitution
- Chapter 2: Salient Features of the Constitution — I
- Chapter 3: Salient Features of the
- Constitution — II
- Chapter 4: Elections
- Chapter 5: Local Self-Government — Rural
- Chapter 6: Local Self-Government — Urban
ICSE - Grade 9 - Geography
All Chapters
- Ch 1 – Earth as a Planet
Ch 2 – Geographic Grid: Latitudes and Longitudes
Ch 3 – Rotation and Revolution
Ch 4 – Earth’s Structure
Ch 5 – Landforms of the Earth
Ch 6 – Rocks
Ch 7 – Volcanoes
Ch 8 – Earthquakes
Ch 9 – Weathering
Ch 10 – Denudation
Ch 11 – Hydrosphere
Ch 12 – Composition and Structure of the Atmosphere
Ch 13 – Insolation
Ch 14 – Atmospheric Pressure and Winds
Ch 15 – Humidity
Ch 16 – Pollution
Ch 17 – Sources of Pollution
Ch 18 – Effects of Pollution
Ch 19 – Preventive Measures
Ch 20 – Natural Regions of the World
Find the Odd Man Out
- Glucose, Fructose, Lactose, Starch
Answer: Starch – It is a polysaccharide; the others are sugars. - Maltose, Sucrose, Glucose, Galactose
Answer: Glucose – It is a monosaccharide; the others are disaccharides. - Calcium, Iron, Iodine, Vitamin A
Answer: Vitamin A – It is a vitamin; the others are minerals. - Kwashiorkar, Marasmus, Scurvy, Rickets
Answer: Scurvy – It is caused by vitamin C deficiency; the others are protein/mineral deficiencies. - Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin C, Calcium
Answer: Calcium – It is a mineral; the others are vitamins. - Proteins, Carbohydrates, Fats, Iron
Answer: Iron – It is a mineral; the others are macronutrients. - Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose, Glucose
Answer: Glucose – It is a monosaccharide; the others are polysaccharides. - Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Glucose
Answer: Glucose – It is a carbohydrate; the others are minerals. - Lactose, Glucose, Fructose, Protein
Answer: Protein – It is a macronutrient for repair; the others are sugars. - Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin K, Protein
Answer: Protein – It is a macronutrient; the others are vitamins. - Night blindness, Rickets, Marasmus, Glycogen
Answer: Glycogen – It is a polysaccharide; the others are diseases. - Hemoglobin, Calcium, Phosphorus, Iron
Answer: Hemoglobin – It is a protein; the others are minerals. - Rice, Milk, Butter, Salt
Answer: Salt – It is a mineral; the others provide energy. - Glucose, Galactose, Fructose, Lipids
Answer: Lipids – It is a fat; the others are sugars. - Vitamin K, Vitamin C, Vitamin A, Fats
Answer: Fats – It is a macronutrient; the others are vitamins. - Glycogen, Starch, Cellulose, Protein
Answer: Protein – It is not a carbohydrate; the others are carbohydrates. - Kwashiorkar, Marasmus, Rickets, Vitamin D
Answer: Vitamin D – It is a nutrient; the others are diseases. - Iron, Iodine, Potassium, Protein
Answer: Protein – It is a macronutrient; the others are minerals. - Liver, Stomach, Glycogen, Pancreas
Answer: Glycogen – It is a polysaccharide; the others are organs. - Vitamin C, Vitamin K, Iron, Vitamin A
Answer: Iron – It is a mineral; the others are vitamins. - Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Water
Answer: Water – It does not provide energy; the others do. - Glucose, Maltose, Starch, Protein
Answer: Protein – It is for repair; the others are carbohydrates. - Calcium, Phosphorus, Sodium, Fats
Answer: Fats – It is a macronutrient; the others are minerals. - Marasmus, Kwashiorkar, Scurvy, Lactose
Answer: Lactose – It is a sugar; the others are deficiency diseases. - Night blindness, Goitre, Rickets, Protein
Answer: Protein – It is a nutrient; the others are deficiency disorders. - Fruits, Vegetables, Milk, Starch
Answer: Starch – It is a carbohydrate; the others are foods. - Liver, Glycogen, Muscles, Stomach
Answer: Glycogen – It is stored carbohydrate; the others are organs. - Vitamin D, Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Calcium
Answer: Calcium – It is a mineral; the others are vitamins. - Phosphorus, Sodium, Potassium, Fats
Answer: Fats – It is a macronutrient; the others are minerals. - Protein, Carbohydrates, Lipids, Vitamin A
Answer: Vitamin A – It is a micronutrient; the others are macronutrients. - Glucose, Fructose, Sucrose, Vitamin D
Answer: Vitamin D – It is a vitamin; the others are sugars. - Marasmus, Kwashiorkar, Rickets, Water
Answer: Water – It is a nutrient; the others are diseases. - Calcium, Iron, Iodine, Protein
Answer: Protein – It is a macronutrient; the others are minerals. - Lactose, Glucose, Fats, Fructose
Answer: Fats – It is a lipid; the others are sugars. - Balanced diet, Malnutrition, Kwashiorkar, Marasmus
Answer: Balanced diet – It is a proper diet; the others are conditions. - Glucose, Glycogen, Starch, Vitamin K
Answer: Vitamin K – It is a vitamin; the others are carbohydrates. - Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin A, Protein
Answer: Protein – It is a macronutrient; the others are vitamins. - Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Iodine
Answer: Iodine – It is a mineral; the others are macronutrients. - Liver, Glycogen, Pancreas, Stomach
Answer: Glycogen – It is stored carbohydrate; the others are organs. - Kwashiorkar, Marasmus, Scurvy, Calcium
Answer: Calcium – It is a nutrient; the others are deficiency diseases. - Fructose, Glucose, Galactose, Protein
Answer: Protein – It is a macronutrient; the others are sugars. - Maltose, Lactose, Starch, Fats
Answer: Fats – It is a lipid; the others are carbohydrates. - Vitamin K, Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Glycogen
Answer: Glycogen – It is a polysaccharide; the others are vitamins. - Water, Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats
Answer: Water – It does not provide energy; the others do. - Calcium, Phosphorus, Iron, Starch
Answer: Starch – It is a carbohydrate; the others are minerals. - Goitre, Rickets, Scurvy, Glycogen
Answer: Glycogen – It is stored carbohydrate; the others are diseases. - Sodium, Potassium, Iron, Protein
Answer: Protein – It is a macronutrient; the others are minerals. - Night blindness, Rickets, Marasmus, Vitamin D
Answer: Vitamin D – It is a nutrient; the others are diseases. - Liver, Glycogen, Heart, Pancreas
Answer: Glycogen – It is stored carbohydrate; the others are organs. - Glucose, Fructose, Lactose, Calcium
Answer: Calcium – It is a mineral; the others are sugars.
Match the Pair
Set 1
Column A
- Glucose
- Lactose
- Starch
- Glycogen
- Cellulose
Column B
A. Animal storage polysaccharide
B. Found in plant cell walls, provides roughage
C. Monosaccharide sugar
D. Found in milk
E. Plant storage polysaccharide
Answers:
1-C, 2-D, 3-E, 4-A, 5-B
Set 2
Column A
- Kwashiorkar
- Marasmus
- Rickets
- Scurvy
- Goitre
Column B
A. Protein deficiency disease with swollen belly
B. Calcium deficiency
C. Vitamin C deficiency
D. Overall nutrient deficiency causing severe thinness
E. Iodine deficiency
Answers:
1-A, 2-D, 3-B, 4-C, 5-E
Set 3
Column A
- Vitamin A
- Vitamin D
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin K
- Iron
Column B
A. Prevents night blindness
B. Required for hemoglobin formation
C. Required for wound healing and immunity
D. Helps in blood clotting
E. Helps in calcium absorption
Answers:
1-A, 2-E, 3-C, 4-D, 5-B
Set 4
Column A
- Calcium
- Phosphorus
- Sodium
- Potassium
- Water
Column B
A. Maintains osmotic balance
B. Essential for bones and teeth
C. Major component of cytoplasm and body fluids
D. Helps in nerve and muscle function
E. Part of bones, teeth, and ATP
Answers:
1-B, 2-E, 3-A, 4-D, 5-C
Set 5
Column A
- Carbohydrates
- Fats
- Proteins
- Vitamins
- Minerals
Column B
A. Provides energy and insulation
B. Provides raw materials for growth and repair
C. Organic nutrients required in small amounts
D. Inorganic nutrients required in small amounts
E. Main source of energy
Answers:
1-E, 2-A, 3-B, 4-C, 5-D
Set 6
Column A
- Small intestine
- Liver
- Muscle
- Milk
- Honey
Column B
A. Absorbs glucose
B. Stores glycogen
C. Source of lactose
D. Source of fructose
E. Stores glycogen in animals
Answers:
1-A, 2-B, 3-E, 4-C, 5-D
Set 7
Column A
- Balanced diet
- Malnutrition
- Energy
- Growth
- Repair
Column B
A. Lack of proper nutrition
B. Provides raw materials to the body
C. Helps in maintenance and body functions
D. Contains all essential nutrients in proper amounts
E. Increases body size and mass
Answers:
1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-E, 5-B
Set 8
Column A
- Lipids
- Glucose
- Glycogen
- Amino acids
- Cellulose
Column B
A. Monosaccharide sugar
B. Indigestible fiber for roughage
C. Building blocks of proteins
D. Stored carbohydrate in animals
E. Provides energy and insulation
Answers:
1-E, 2-A, 3-D, 4-C, 5-B
Set 9
Column A
- Goitre
- Scurvy
- Rickets
- Marasmus
- Kwashiorkar
Column B
A. Protein deficiency disease causing thinness
B. Iodine deficiency disease
C. Calcium deficiency disease
D. Vitamin C deficiency disease
E. Protein deficiency disease with swollen belly
Answers:
1-B, 2-D, 3-C, 4-A, 5-E
Set 10
Column A
- Vitamin A
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin D
- Vitamin K
- Iron
Column B
A. Helps in blood clotting
B. Helps in collagen synthesis and immunity
C. Night vision vitamin
D. Helps in calcium absorption
E. Essential for hemoglobin formation
Answers:
1-C, 2-B, 3-D, 4-A, 5-E
Short Answer Questions
- What is nutrition?
Answer: Nutrition is the process by which organisms take in and utilize food for growth, repair, energy, and maintenance. - What is a balanced diet?
Answer: A balanced diet contains all essential nutrients in proper proportions to maintain health. - What is malnutrition?
Answer: Malnutrition is a condition caused by lack of proper nutrients in the diet. - Name the main source of energy in the human body.
Answer: Carbohydrates are the main source of energy. - Give an example of a monosaccharide.
Answer: Glucose is an example of a monosaccharide. - Name a disaccharide found in milk.
Answer: Lactose is found in milk. - What is starch?
Answer: Starch is a polysaccharide stored in plants as a source of energy. - What is glycogen?
Answer: Glycogen is the storage form of carbohydrate in animals. - What is cellulose?
Answer: Cellulose is a polysaccharide that provides roughage in the diet. - What are proteins required for?
Answer: Proteins are required for growth and repair of tissues. - What is the energy-rich nutrient that provides insulation?
Answer: Fats provide energy and act as insulation. - What causes Kwashiorkar?
Answer: Kwashiorkar is caused by protein deficiency in children. - What causes Marasmus?
Answer: Marasmus is caused by overall deficiency of nutrients in infants. - Name a mineral required for bones and teeth formation.
Answer: Calcium is required for bones and teeth formation. - Name a mineral required for hemoglobin formation.
Answer: Iron is required for hemoglobin formation. - Name a mineral required for thyroid hormone synthesis.
Answer: Iodine is required for thyroid hormone synthesis. - Which mineral helps in nerve and muscle function?
Answer: Potassium helps in nerve and muscle function. - Which mineral helps maintain osmotic balance?
Answer: Sodium helps maintain osmotic balance. - Which vitamin prevents night blindness?
Answer: Vitamin A prevents night blindness. - Which vitamin prevents rickets?
Answer: Vitamin D prevents rickets by helping in calcium absorption. - Which vitamin is required for wound healing?
Answer: Vitamin C is required for wound healing and immunity. - Which vitamin is necessary for blood clotting?
Answer: Vitamin K is necessary for blood clotting. - Why is water essential for the body?
Answer: Water is essential for transport of nutrients and body fluids. - What is the function of carbohydrates?
Answer: Carbohydrates provide energy for body functions and activities. - What is the function of fats?
Answer: Fats provide energy, insulation, and store energy for later use. - What is the function of proteins?
Answer: Proteins provide raw materials for growth and repair of tissues. - What are vitamins?
Answer: Vitamins are organic nutrients required in small amounts for metabolic functions. - What are minerals?
Answer: Minerals are inorganic nutrients required in small quantities for various body functions. - Name a sugar found in fruits.
Answer: Fructose is a sugar found in fruits. - Name a sugar found in milk other than glucose.
Answer: Galactose is found in milk. - Where is glucose absorbed in the body?
Answer: Glucose is absorbed in the small intestine. - What is the building block of proteins?
Answer: Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. - What is dietary fibre?
Answer: Dietary fibre is indigestible cellulose that aids smooth bowel movement. - Why are vitamins important?
Answer: Vitamins act as coenzymes and help in metabolic reactions. - What is the role of minerals?
Answer: Minerals help in growth, maintenance, enzyme function, and body regulation. - What is the role of glycogen in animals?
Answer: Glycogen serves as a stored form of energy in liver and muscles. - What is the difference between Kwashiorkar and Marasmus?
Answer: Kwashiorkar is protein deficiency with swollen belly, while Marasmus is overall nutrient deficiency causing thinness. - How does cellulose help the digestive system?
Answer: Cellulose provides roughage that aids in smooth bowel movement. - Why is iodine important?
Answer: Iodine is required for synthesis of thyroid hormones which regulate metabolism. - Why is iron important?
Answer: Iron is required for hemoglobin formation and oxygen transport in blood. - What is the symptom of Vitamin C deficiency?
Answer: Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy, which leads to bleeding gums and poor healing. - What is the symptom of Vitamin D deficiency?
Answer: Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets, leading to weak and deformed bones. - What is the symptom of Vitamin A deficiency?
Answer: Vitamin A deficiency causes night blindness. - What are the functions of a balanced diet?
Answer: A balanced diet provides energy, raw materials, growth, repair, and protection. - Name a function of water in the body.
Answer: Water acts as a medium for transport of nutrients and removal of wastes. - How do fats help in the body?
Answer: Fats provide energy, insulation, and store fat-soluble vitamins. - What is the role of potassium in the body?
Answer: Potassium helps in nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction. - What is the role of sodium in the body?
Answer: Sodium helps maintain osmotic balance and nerve function. - Why is glucose important for cells?
Answer: Glucose provides immediate energy for cellular respiration. - What is the importance of nutrition?
Answer: Nutrition is important for growth, repair, energy, maintenance, and protection.
Puzzles
- Puzzle: I am a sugar found in fruits, not in milk. Who am I?
Answer: Fructose - Puzzle: I am the storage form of carbohydrate in animals. Who am I?
Answer: Glycogen - Puzzle: I provide energy, insulation, and protect your organs. I am not a carbohydrate. Who am I?
Answer: Fat - Puzzle: I am essential for hemoglobin formation. My deficiency causes anemia. Who am I?
Answer: Iron - Puzzle: I am indigestible, found in plant cell walls, and help smooth bowel movement. Who am I?
Answer: Cellulose - Puzzle: My deficiency causes night blindness. I am fat-soluble. Who am I?
Answer: Vitamin A - Puzzle: I am the “building blocks” of proteins. Who am I?
Answer: Amino acids - Puzzle: I am a protein deficiency disease causing swelling of the belly. Who am I?
Answer: Kwashiorkar - Puzzle: I am a nutrient that provides raw materials for growth and repair. Who am I?
Answer: Protein - Puzzle: I am necessary for energy production and formation of bones and teeth. Who am I?
Answer: Phosphorus - Puzzle: I prevent rickets and help in calcium absorption. Who am I?
Answer: Vitamin D - Puzzle: I am a sugar in milk but not in fruits. Who am I?
Answer: Lactose - Puzzle: My deficiency causes scurvy. I am water-soluble. Who am I?
Answer: Vitamin C - Puzzle: I am a polysaccharide found in plants, storing energy and made of glucose units. Who am I?
Answer: Starch - Puzzle: I am essential for thyroid hormone synthesis. My deficiency leads to goitre. Who am I?
Answer: Iodine - Puzzle: I am required for blood clotting. Who am I?
Answer: Vitamin K - Puzzle: I am a severe malnutrition caused by overall nutrient deficiency in infants. Who am I?
Answer: Marasmus - Puzzle: I provide immediate energy to the body. Who am I?
Answer: Glucose - Puzzle: I am a fat-soluble vitamin that prevents bleeding disorders. Who am I?
Answer: Vitamin K - Puzzle: I am a macronutrient that stores more energy per gram than carbohydrates. Who am I?
Answer: Fat - Puzzle: I am essential for muscle contraction and nerve impulse transmission. Who am I?
Answer: Potassium - Puzzle: I maintain osmotic balance in the body and help in nerve function. Who am I?
Answer: Sodium - Puzzle: I am indigestible but important for preventing constipation. Who am I?
Answer: Dietary fiber - Puzzle: I am a monosaccharide present in both glucose and galactose. Who am I?
Answer: Simple sugar - Puzzle: I am a nutrient needed in large amounts for growth, repair, and energy. Who am I?
Answer: Macronutrient - Puzzle: I help in wound healing and immunity. Who am I?
Answer: Vitamin C - Puzzle: I am stored in liver and muscles to provide glucose during energy demand. Who am I?
Answer: Glycogen - Puzzle: I am the polysaccharide forming cell walls and providing roughage. Who am I?
Answer: Cellulose - Puzzle: I am deficient in children showing stunted growth but not swelling of the belly. Who am I?
Answer: Marasmus - Puzzle: I am a sugar formed by two glucose molecules. Who am I?
Answer: Maltose - Puzzle: I am essential for bones, teeth, and energy production in cells. Who am I?
Answer: Phosphorus - Puzzle: I prevent night blindness and support healthy skin. Who am I?
Answer: Vitamin A - Puzzle: I am a mineral that forms bones and teeth along with calcium. Who am I?
Answer: Phosphorus - Puzzle: I am a water-soluble vitamin that humans cannot store for long. Who am I?
Answer: Vitamin C - Puzzle: I am essential for transporting oxygen in the blood. Who am I?
Answer: Iron - Puzzle: I am a deficiency disease due to protein deficiency but energy intake may be normal. Who am I?
Answer: Kwashiorkar - Puzzle: I am a nutrient that provides energy and stores vitamins A, D, E, and K. Who am I?
Answer: Fat - Puzzle: I am a monosaccharide found in fruits and honey. Who am I?
Answer: Fructose - Puzzle: I help in maintaining fluid balance and nerve-muscle coordination. Who am I?
Answer: Sodium and Potassium - Puzzle: I am the nutrient whose deficiency causes anemia. Who am I?
Answer: Iron - Puzzle: I am required for all chemical reactions in the body and transport of nutrients. Who am I?
Answer: Water - Puzzle: I am the macronutrient required for building enzymes and hormones. Who am I?
Answer: Protein - Puzzle: I am a disease caused by lack of vitamin D or calcium in children. Who am I?
Answer: Rickets - Puzzle: I am a fat-soluble vitamin that supports calcium absorption. Who am I?
Answer: Vitamin D - Puzzle: I am required in tiny amounts but essential for metabolism. Who am I?
Answer: Micronutrient - Puzzle: I am a sugar in malt and beer production. Who am I?
Answer: Maltose - Puzzle: I am the nutrient that aids in tissue repair and enzyme production. Who am I?
Answer: Protein - Puzzle: I am a polysaccharide that plants store for energy. Who am I?
Answer: Starch - Puzzle: I am a macronutrient that provides energy, insulation, and protects organs. Who am I?
Answer: Fat - Puzzle: I am essential for growth, repair, energy, maintenance, and protection in the body. Who am I?
Answer: Nutrition
Difference Between:
- Difference between Kwashiorkar and Marasmus
Answer:
- Kwashiorkar: Caused by protein deficiency, mainly in children aged 1–3 years. Characterized by swollen belly (edema), irritability, and delayed growth. Energy intake may be normal.
- Marasmus: Caused by overall deficiency of calories and nutrients, mainly in infants and young children. Characterized by extreme thinness, muscle wasting, and delayed growth. No edema.
- Difference between Macronutrients and Micronutrients
Answer:
- Macronutrients: Required in large amounts for energy, growth, and repair (e.g., carbohydrates, proteins, fats).
- Micronutrients: Required in small amounts for metabolic and regulatory functions (e.g., vitamins, minerals).
- Difference between Water-Soluble and Fat-Soluble Vitamins
Answer:
- Water-Soluble Vitamins: Dissolve in water (e.g., Vitamin C, B-complex), not stored in the body, need regular intake.
- Fat-Soluble Vitamins: Dissolve in fats (e.g., Vitamins A, D, E, K), stored in liver and adipose tissue, excess may be toxic.
- Difference between Glucose and Fructose
Answer:
- Glucose: Found in fruits, honey, and blood; primary source of energy for cells.
- Fructose: Found mainly in fruits; sweeter than glucose; converted to glucose in the liver for energy.
- Difference between Lactose and Maltose
Answer:
- Lactose: Disaccharide found in milk, composed of glucose + galactose.
- Maltose: Disaccharide formed during starch digestion, composed of glucose + glucose.
- Difference between Starch and Glycogen
Answer:
- Starch: Polysaccharide stored in plants as energy reserve; made of glucose units.
- Glycogen: Polysaccharide stored in animals (liver and muscles) as energy reserve; made of glucose units.
- Difference between Proteins and Fats
Answer:
- Proteins: Provide amino acids for growth, repair, and enzyme formation; 4 kcal/g.
- Fats: Provide energy, insulation, and protect organs; 9 kcal/g.
- Difference between Minerals and Vitamins
Answer:
- Minerals: Inorganic elements required for bones, teeth, nerve function, and metabolism (e.g., calcium, iron).
- Vitamins: Organic compounds required in small amounts for metabolic regulation and protection (e.g., A, C, D).
- Difference between Balanced Diet and Malnutrition
Answer:
- Balanced Diet: Contains all essential nutrients in proper proportions, ensures growth, repair, energy, and immunity.
- Malnutrition: Diet lacking in one or more nutrients, causing deficiency diseases and poor health.
- Difference between Energy and Provision of Raw Materials in Nutrition
Answer:
- Energy: Nutrients like carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are oxidized to release energy for metabolic activities.
- Provision of Raw Materials: Nutrients provide building blocks like amino acids and minerals for growth and repair.
- Difference between Carbohydrates and Proteins
Answer:
- Carbohydrates: Primarily energy-giving nutrients; composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
- Proteins: Body-building nutrients; composed of amino acids containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur.
- Difference between Fat-Soluble and Water-Soluble Nutrients
Answer:
- Fat-Soluble: Stored in fat; excessive intake may be harmful.
- Water-Soluble: Excreted easily; require regular replenishment.
- Difference between Calcium and Phosphorus
Answer:
- Calcium: Needed for bones, teeth, blood clotting, and muscle contraction.
- Phosphorus: Needed for bones, teeth, and energy production (ATP).
- Difference between Iron and Iodine
Answer:
- Iron: Required for hemoglobin synthesis; deficiency causes anemia.
- Iodine: Required for thyroid hormone production; deficiency causes goitre.
- Difference between Water and Fat in Nutrition
Answer:
- Water: Provides medium for chemical reactions, transport of nutrients and waste, regulates temperature.
- Fat: Provides concentrated energy, insulation, organ protection, and absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
- Difference between Dietary Fiber and Cellulose
Answer:
- Cellulose: Polysaccharide in plant cell walls; indigestible by humans.
- Dietary Fiber: Includes cellulose and other indigestible plant components; aids bowel movement and prevents constipation.
- Difference between Vitamin A and Vitamin D
Answer:
- Vitamin A: Prevents night blindness, supports immunity, and maintains healthy skin.
- Vitamin D: Regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism; prevents rickets.
- Difference between Kwashiorkar and Protein-Energy Malnutrition
Answer:
- Kwashiorkar: Protein deficiency with adequate calorie intake; swelling is present.
- Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM): Includes both Marasmus and Kwashiorkar, reflecting deficiencies of proteins and/or calories.
- Difference between Soluble and Insoluble Fiber
Answer:
- Soluble Fiber: Dissolves in water, forms gel, slows digestion (e.g., oats, legumes).
- Insoluble Fiber: Does not dissolve in water; adds bulk to stool, prevents constipation (e.g., wheat bran, vegetables).
- Difference between Growth and Repair in Nutrition
Answer:
- Growth: Increase in size and development of new tissues, mainly during childhood and adolescence.
- Repair: Replacement of damaged or worn-out tissues at any age to maintain health.
Assertion and Reason
A – Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
B – Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion
C – Assertion is true, Reason is false
D – Assertion is false, Reason is true
- Assertion: Glucose is a monosaccharide.
Reason: Glucose cannot be broken down into simpler sugars.
Answer: A - Assertion: Lactose is found in milk.
Reason: Lactose is made of glucose and galactose.
Answer: A - Assertion: Starch is a polysaccharide.
Reason: Starch is made of many glucose units.
Answer: A - Assertion: Glycogen is stored in the liver and muscles.
Reason: Glycogen is a carbohydrate reserve in animals.
Answer: A - Assertion: Cellulose provides roughage in the diet.
Reason: Humans can digest cellulose easily.
Answer: D - Assertion: Fats provide more energy than carbohydrates.
Reason: Fats contain more carbon-hydrogen bonds.
Answer: A - Assertion: Proteins are needed for repair of tissues.
Reason: Proteins are made up of amino acids.
Answer: B - Assertion: Kwashiorkar is caused by protein deficiency.
Reason: Proteins are needed for growth and repair.
Answer: A - Assertion: Marasmus is due to overall nutrient deficiency.
Reason: Marasmus results from inadequate calories and proteins.
Answer: A - Assertion: Calcium is required for bones and teeth formation.
Reason: Calcium is stored mainly in muscles.
Answer: C - Assertion: Phosphorus is required for bones and teeth formation.
Reason: Phosphorus is part of ATP molecules.
Answer: B - Assertion: Iron is required for hemoglobin formation.
Reason: Iron binds oxygen in hemoglobin.
Answer: A - Assertion: Iodine deficiency causes goitre.
Reason: Iodine is required for thyroid hormone synthesis.
Answer: A - Assertion: Potassium is important for nerve and muscle function.
Reason: Potassium helps maintain membrane potential.
Answer: A - Assertion: Sodium helps maintain osmotic balance.
Reason: Sodium is a macronutrient.
Answer: B - Assertion: Vitamin A prevents night blindness.
Reason: Vitamin A is required for rhodopsin formation.
Answer: A - Assertion: Vitamin D prevents rickets.
Reason: Vitamin D helps in calcium absorption.
Answer: A - Assertion: Vitamin C is required for wound healing.
Reason: Vitamin C promotes collagen formation.
Answer: A - Assertion: Vitamin K is necessary for blood clotting.
Reason: Vitamin K helps in prothrombin synthesis.
Answer: A - Assertion: Water is essential for transport of nutrients.
Reason: Water is the major component of cytoplasm and body fluids.
Answer: A - Assertion: A balanced diet contains all essential nutrients.
Reason: Balanced diet provides proper growth and energy.
Answer: A - Assertion: Malnutrition occurs due to lack of balanced diet.
Reason: Malnutrition is caused only by excess vitamins.
Answer: C - Assertion: Glucose is absorbed in the small intestine.
Reason: Small intestine has villi for nutrient absorption.
Answer: A - Assertion: Fats act as insulation in the body.
Reason: Fats are stored under the skin.
Answer: A - Assertion: Kwashiorkar causes swollen belly in children.
Reason: Protein deficiency leads to fluid accumulation.
Answer: A - Assertion: Marasmus causes severe thinness in infants.
Reason: Overall nutrient deficiency reduces body fat and muscle.
Answer: A - Assertion: Proteins are made of amino acids.
Reason: Amino acids are linked by peptide bonds.
Answer: A - Assertion: Calcium deficiency leads to rickets.
Reason: Calcium is required for strong bones.
Answer: A - Assertion: Iron deficiency causes anaemia.
Reason: Iron is essential for hemoglobin formation.
Answer: A - Assertion: Dietary fibre aids in smooth bowel movement.
Reason: Fibre is indigestible cellulose.
Answer: A - Assertion: Minerals are organic nutrients.
Reason: Minerals are required in small amounts.
Answer: D - Assertion: Sugars and starch are carbohydrates.
Reason: Carbohydrates provide energy.
Answer: A - Assertion: Carbohydrates and fats provide energy for maintenance.
Reason: Proteins are used only for repair and raw materials.
Answer: A - Assertion: Vitamins act as coenzymes in body reactions.
Reason: Vitamins provide energy directly.
Answer: C - Assertion: Glucose is transported to cells for immediate energy.
Reason: Glucose is the primary fuel for cellular respiration.
Answer: A - Assertion: Starch is stored in plants in granules.
Reason: Starch is a polysaccharide of glucose.
Answer: A - Assertion: Glycogen is also called animal starch.
Reason: Glycogen is stored mainly in muscles and liver.
Answer: A - Assertion: Cellulose provides roughage in the diet.
Reason: Roughage helps smooth bowel movement.
Answer: A - Assertion: Kwashiorkar mainly affects children aged 1–3 years.
Reason: Protein deficiency is critical during early childhood growth.
Answer: A - Assertion: Marasmus is also called starvation disease.
Reason: Marasmus occurs due to severe calorie and protein deficiency.
Answer: A - Assertion: Iodine is required for thyroid hormone synthesis.
Reason: Thyroid hormones regulate metabolism.
Answer: A - Assertion: Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy.
Reason: Vitamin C promotes collagen synthesis.
Answer: A - Assertion: Sodium and potassium help in nerve impulse transmission.
Reason: These minerals maintain membrane potential.
Answer: A - Assertion: Carbohydrates are stored in humans as glycogen.
Reason: Glycogen is a storage form of glucose in animals.
Answer: A - Assertion: Galactose is present in milk.
Reason: Galactose is a monosaccharide.
Answer: A - Assertion: Nutrition is essential for protection against diseases.
Reason: Proper nutrients strengthen immunity.
Answer: A - Assertion: Energy from fats is stored for later use.
Reason: Fats are insoluble in water.
Answer: B - Assertion: Proteins provide raw materials for repair of tissues.
Reason: Proteins are broken down into amino acids.
Answer: A - Assertion: Cellulose is digestible by humans.
Reason: Cellulose provides roughage.
Answer: D - Assertion: Balanced diet helps in growth, repair, and energy.
Reason: Balanced diet contains carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.
Answer: A
True or False
- Nutrition is the process by which organisms obtain and utilize food.
Answer: True - Glucose is a disaccharide sugar.
Answer: False - Lactose is found in milk.
Answer: True - Fructose is a monosaccharide found in fruits.
Answer: True - Maltose is formed by the combination of two glucose molecules.
Answer: True - Starch is stored in animals.
Answer: False - Glycogen is the storage form of carbohydrate in animals.
Answer: True - Cellulose provides dietary roughage but cannot be digested by humans.
Answer: True - Proteins are mainly required for growth and repair of tissues.
Answer: True - Fats provide less energy per gram than carbohydrates.
Answer: False - Kwashiorkar is caused due to overall nutrient deficiency.
Answer: False - Marasmus is caused due to protein deficiency only.
Answer: False - Calcium is essential for formation of bones and teeth.
Answer: True - Phosphorus is required for bones, teeth, and ATP formation.
Answer: True - Iron is essential for hemoglobin formation.
Answer: True - Iodine deficiency causes goitre.
Answer: True - Potassium is important for proper nerve and muscle function.
Answer: True - Sodium helps maintain osmotic balance in the body.
Answer: True - Vitamin A deficiency causes rickets.
Answer: False - Vitamin D is required for calcium absorption.
Answer: True - Vitamin C is important for wound healing and immunity.
Answer: True - Vitamin K is necessary for blood clotting.
Answer: True - Water is not required for transport of nutrients.
Answer: False - A balanced diet contains all essential nutrients in proper proportions.
Answer: True - Malnutrition is caused by an unbalanced diet.
Answer: True - Glucose is absorbed in the stomach.
Answer: False - Fats act as insulation and energy storage.
Answer: True - Kwashiorkar shows swelling of the belly in affected children.
Answer: True - Marasmus is characterized by severe thinness.
Answer: True - Proteins are made up of amino acids.
Answer: True - Calcium deficiency can lead to rickets.
Answer: True - Iron deficiency leads to anemia.
Answer: True - Dietary fibre helps in smooth bowel movement.
Answer: True - Minerals are organic nutrients.
Answer: False - Sugars and starch are carbohydrates.
Answer: True - Carbohydrates and fats provide energy for maintenance.
Answer: True - Proteins are only used for energy in the body.
Answer: False - Vitamins act as coenzymes in many metabolic reactions.
Answer: True - Glucose is the primary fuel for cellular respiration.
Answer: True - Starch is stored in plants in granules.
Answer: True - Glycogen is also called animal starch.
Answer: True - Cellulose provides roughage to aid bowel movement.
Answer: True - Kwashiorkar mainly affects children aged 1–3 years.
Answer: True - Marasmus is also called starvation disease.
Answer: True - Iodine is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones.
Answer: True - Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy.
Answer: True - Sodium and potassium help in nerve impulse transmission.
Answer: True - Carbohydrates are stored in humans as glycogen.
Answer: True - Galactose is a sugar found in milk.
Answer: True - Balanced diet helps in growth, repair, protection, and energy provision.
Answer: True
Long Answer Questions
- What is nutrition and why is it important for living organisms?
Answer: Nutrition is the process by which organisms take in food, digest it, absorb nutrients, and utilize them for growth, repair, energy, and maintenance. It is essential because it provides energy for body functions, raw materials for growth and repair, and nutrients that protect the body against diseases. - Define a balanced diet and its components.
Answer: A balanced diet contains all essential nutrients—carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, water, and roughage—in proper proportions. It ensures proper growth, repair, energy provision, and protection against deficiency diseases. - What is malnutrition? Explain its causes.
Answer: Malnutrition is a condition caused by inadequate or unbalanced intake of nutrients. It occurs due to lack of proper food, poor absorption of nutrients, or deficiency of specific nutrients such as protein, vitamins, or minerals. - Explain the role of carbohydrates in the body.
Answer: Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy for the body. They are broken down into simple sugars like glucose, which provide immediate energy for cellular activities, movement, and body functions. Starch in plants and glycogen in animals act as energy stores. - Differentiate between monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides.
Answer: Monosaccharides are simple sugars like glucose, fructose, and galactose. Disaccharides are formed by two monosaccharides, e.g., maltose, sucrose, and lactose. Polysaccharides are long chains of monosaccharides, e.g., starch, glycogen, and cellulose, which serve as energy reserves or structural components. - Explain the importance of glucose for the body.
Answer: Glucose is the primary fuel for cellular respiration, providing immediate energy for metabolic activities, muscle contraction, nerve function, and maintenance of body temperature. - Describe the role of starch in plants.
Answer: Starch is a polysaccharide stored in plant cells as an energy reserve. It is composed of glucose units and can be broken down during germination or energy demand to release glucose for metabolic activities. - What is glycogen and its function in animals?
Answer: Glycogen is the storage form of carbohydrate in animals, mainly in the liver and muscles. It acts as a readily available source of glucose during energy demand and helps maintain blood sugar levels. - Explain the role of cellulose in the human diet.
Answer: Cellulose is an indigestible polysaccharide found in plant cell walls. It provides dietary fiber or roughage, which aids smooth bowel movements, prevents constipation, and maintains digestive health. - What are proteins and why are they essential?
Answer: Proteins are macronutrients made up of amino acids. They are essential for growth, repair of damaged tissues, enzyme and hormone production, and functioning of the immune system. - Explain the differences between Kwashiorkar and Marasmus.
Answer: Kwashiorkar is caused by protein deficiency, leading to a swollen belly, edema, and stunted growth in children aged 1–3. Marasmus results from overall nutrient deficiency, causing severe thinness, muscle wasting, and delayed growth. - What is the importance of fats in the body?
Answer: Fats are energy-rich nutrients that provide more energy per gram than carbohydrates. They store energy, provide insulation, protect organs, and act as carriers for fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K). - Describe the role of vitamins in the body.
Answer: Vitamins are organic nutrients required in small amounts for growth, repair, and metabolic regulation. Vitamin A prevents night blindness, D aids calcium absorption, C helps in collagen synthesis and immunity, and K is essential for blood clotting. - Explain the role of minerals in the body with examples.
Answer: Minerals are inorganic nutrients required in small quantities for proper body functioning. Calcium and phosphorus are essential for bones and teeth, iron is needed for hemoglobin formation, iodine is necessary for thyroid hormones, and sodium and potassium help in nerve impulses and osmotic balance. - Why is water essential for life?
Answer: Water acts as a solvent and medium for chemical reactions, helps in transport of nutrients and wastes, maintains body temperature, and provides a medium for metabolic activities in cells. - What is dietary fiber and its importance?
Answer: Dietary fiber, primarily cellulose, is indigestible and aids in smooth bowel movement, prevents constipation, regulates blood sugar levels, and maintains digestive tract health. - Explain the difference between macro and micronutrients.
Answer: Macronutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, are needed in large amounts to provide energy and support growth. Micronutrients, such as vitamins and minerals, are required in small quantities for metabolic regulation, protection, and enzyme function. - Describe the role of calcium in the body.
Answer: Calcium is essential for strong bones and teeth, muscle contraction, blood clotting, and proper functioning of the nervous system. - Describe the role of phosphorus in the body.
Answer: Phosphorus is needed for bones and teeth, formation of ATP for energy, and synthesis of nucleic acids. - Describe the role of iron in the body.
Answer: Iron is required for the formation of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood, and prevents anemia. - Explain the importance of iodine in human nutrition.
Answer: Iodine is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism and growth. Iodine deficiency causes goitre. - Describe the symptoms of Kwashiorkar and its treatment.
Answer: Kwashiorkar causes swollen belly, edema, irritability, and stunted growth due to protein deficiency. Treatment involves high-protein diet, milk, eggs, pulses, and vitamins. - Describe the symptoms of Marasmus and its treatment.
Answer: Marasmus leads to extreme thinness, muscle wasting, weakness, and stunted growth. Treatment involves a high-calorie diet with proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. - Explain the symptoms of Vitamin D deficiency.
Answer: Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets in children, leading to soft, weak, and deformed bones, and delayed growth. Treatment includes exposure to sunlight and dietary vitamin D. - Explain the symptoms of Vitamin C deficiency.
Answer: Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy, characterized by bleeding gums, delayed wound healing, and weakness. Treatment involves consuming citrus fruits, vegetables, and vitamin C supplements. - Explain the symptoms of Vitamin A deficiency.
Answer: Vitamin A deficiency leads to night blindness, dry skin, and poor immunity. Treatment includes eating carrots, leafy vegetables, and vitamin A supplements. - What are the main functions of carbohydrates in the body?
Answer: Carbohydrates provide energy for cellular activities, store energy as glycogen, and are involved in metabolic intermediates for various biochemical reactions. - Explain the main functions of fats in the body.
Answer: Fats provide concentrated energy, store energy, provide insulation, protect organs, and carry fat-soluble vitamins. - Explain the main functions of proteins in the body.
Answer: Proteins provide raw materials for growth and repair, enzymes, hormones, antibodies, and act as a reserve energy source. - Describe the role of vitamins as coenzymes.
Answer: Vitamins act as coenzymes that assist enzymes in catalyzing metabolic reactions, supporting growth, repair, and body regulation. - Describe the function of minerals in body regulation.
Answer: Minerals regulate fluid balance, nerve impulses, muscle function, and synthesis of hormones and other biomolecules. - Explain the importance of a balanced diet in children.
Answer: A balanced diet provides all essential nutrients needed for growth, repair, immunity, energy, and protection against deficiency diseases in children. - Explain how energy is derived from glucose.
Answer: Glucose undergoes cellular respiration to produce ATP, which provides energy for all metabolic activities, movement, and body functions. - Describe how fats help in energy storage.
Answer: Fats are stored in adipose tissue and provide long-term energy, insulation, and protection of vital organs. - Explain the protective role of nutrition.
Answer: Proper nutrition strengthens immunity, prevents deficiency diseases, and supports overall health and resistance against infections. - Describe the function of water in transport of substances.
Answer: Water dissolves nutrients and carries them to cells, while also removing metabolic wastes from the body. - Explain the role of roughage in the diet.
Answer: Roughage, mainly cellulose, aids smooth bowel movement, prevents constipation, and maintains healthy digestive function. - Explain the importance of iron in oxygen transport.
Answer: Iron is a component of hemoglobin, which binds and transports oxygen from lungs to tissues, preventing anemia. - Explain why protein is called the “body’s building material.”
Answer: Proteins provide amino acids, which are used to build and repair muscles, tissues, enzymes, and hormones.
- Describe the role of vitamin K in the body.
Answer: Vitamin K is essential for synthesizing prothrombin, a protein required for blood clotting, preventing excessive bleeding. - Explain why fats are necessary for absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
Answer: Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) dissolve in fats, so the presence of dietary fats allows their absorption and utilization in the body. - Describe how malnutrition affects children.
Answer: Malnutrition in children leads to stunted growth, weakness, delayed development, deficiency diseases, and increased susceptibility to infections. - Explain the difference between micro and macronutrients with examples.
Answer: Macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats) are needed in large amounts for energy and growth, while micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) are required in small amounts for regulation, protection, and metabolic activities. - Describe the importance of potassium in nerve function.
Answer: Potassium maintains the resting membrane potential and helps generate nerve impulses for proper communication between neurons and muscles. - Explain the importance of sodium in the human body.
Answer: Sodium regulates osmotic balance, blood pressure, and helps in nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction. - Explain the role of phosphorus in energy production.
Answer: Phosphorus is a component of ATP, which stores and provides energy for metabolic activities and cellular processes. - Describe how proteins help in immune defense.
Answer: Proteins form antibodies and enzymes that detect and neutralize pathogens, supporting the body’s immune defense. - Explain the importance of nutrition in growth and repair.
Answer: Proper nutrition provides energy and raw materials for building new tissues, repairing damaged cells, and supporting overall body growth. - Describe the role of vitamins in preventing deficiency diseases.
Answer: Vitamins like A, D, C, and K prevent deficiency diseases such as night blindness, rickets, scurvy, and bleeding disorders by supporting metabolic and physiological functions. - Explain why a balanced diet is essential for protection against diseases.
Answer: A balanced diet provides all essential nutrients that strengthen immunity, repair tissues, maintain metabolism, and prevent deficiency-related diseases, ensuring overall health.
Give Reasons
- Give reason why nutrition is essential for living organisms.
Answer: Nutrition provides energy, raw materials for growth and repair, and substances for maintenance and protection. - Give reason why a balanced diet is necessary.
Answer: A balanced diet ensures all essential nutrients are provided in proper proportions for overall health and prevention of deficiency diseases. - Give reason why carbohydrates are called energy-giving foods.
Answer: Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which is used in cellular respiration to release energy. - Give reason why glucose is important for the body.
Answer: Glucose is the primary fuel for cells and provides immediate energy for metabolic activities. - Give reason why starch is stored in plants.
Answer: Starch acts as an energy reserve, which can be broken down into glucose when energy is needed. - Give reason why glycogen is called animal starch.
Answer: Glycogen is stored in the liver and muscles as a readily available source of glucose in animals. - Give reason why cellulose is important in the human diet.
Answer: Cellulose provides dietary fiber that aids smooth bowel movement and prevents constipation. - Give reason why proteins are called the “body’s building materials.”
Answer: Proteins provide amino acids that are used to build and repair tissues, enzymes, and hormones. - Give reason why fats provide more energy than carbohydrates.
Answer: Fats have more carbon-hydrogen bonds per gram, releasing more energy upon oxidation than carbohydrates. - Give reason why fats are necessary in the diet.
Answer: Fats provide energy, insulation, protection to organs, and carry fat-soluble vitamins. - Give reason why Kwashiorkar causes swelling of the belly.
Answer: Protein deficiency leads to low plasma proteins, causing fluid accumulation (edema) in the abdomen. - Give reason why Marasmus causes extreme thinness.
Answer: Overall nutrient deficiency results in loss of fat and muscle mass, leading to thinness. - Give reason why calcium is required in the body.
Answer: Calcium is essential for formation of bones, teeth, and for muscle contraction and blood clotting. - Give reason why phosphorus is important.
Answer: Phosphorus is required for bones, teeth, and formation of ATP for energy. - Give reason why iron is necessary.
Answer: Iron is needed for hemoglobin synthesis to transport oxygen in blood. - Give reason why iodine is essential.
Answer: Iodine is required for thyroid hormone synthesis, which regulates metabolism. - Give reason why potassium is important.
Answer: Potassium helps in nerve impulse transmission and proper muscle function. - Give reason why sodium is important.
Answer: Sodium maintains osmotic balance and helps in nerve and muscle function. - Give reason why Vitamin A is important.
Answer: Vitamin A is essential for night vision, healthy skin, and immunity. - Give reason why Vitamin D is essential.
Answer: Vitamin D helps in calcium and phosphorus absorption, preventing rickets. - Give reason why Vitamin C is necessary.
Answer: Vitamin C is needed for collagen synthesis, wound healing, and immunity. - Give reason why Vitamin K is necessary.
Answer: Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting to prevent excessive bleeding. - Give reason why water is essential in the diet.
Answer: Water acts as a solvent, helps transport nutrients, removes wastes, and maintains body temperature. - Give reason why malnutrition affects children severely.
Answer: Children have higher nutrient requirements for growth, and deficiency leads to stunted growth and weakness. - Give reason why dietary fiber is important.
Answer: Dietary fiber aids smooth bowel movement and prevents constipation. - Give reason why proteins are essential for enzymes.
Answer: Enzymes are proteins, and without dietary proteins, the body cannot synthesize them. - Give reason why fats are necessary for absorption of certain vitamins.
Answer: Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) dissolve in fats, allowing their absorption and utilization. - Give reason why glucose is preferred over fat for immediate energy.
Answer: Glucose is easily metabolized and provides rapid energy compared to fat, which requires more complex digestion. - Give reason why a balanced diet protects from diseases.
Answer: It supplies all nutrients needed for immunity, repair, and metabolic functions, preventing deficiency diseases. - Give reason why protein deficiency leads to edema.
Answer: Low plasma proteins reduce osmotic pressure, causing fluid accumulation in tissues (edema). - Give reason why iron deficiency causes anemia.
Answer: Lack of iron reduces hemoglobin formation, decreasing oxygen transport in blood. - Give reason why rickets occurs in children.
Answer: Vitamin D or calcium deficiency weakens bones, leading to rickets. - Give reason why scurvy occurs in humans.
Answer: Vitamin C deficiency affects collagen synthesis, causing bleeding gums and poor wound healing. - Give reason why night blindness occurs.
Answer: Vitamin A deficiency impairs rhodopsin formation in the retina, causing night blindness. - Give reason why glycogen is stored in liver and muscles.
Answer: It provides a quick source of glucose for energy during fasting or exercise. - Give reason why carbohydrates are important in diet.
Answer: They provide immediate energy for body functions and reserve energy as glycogen. - Give reason why fats provide insulation.
Answer: Fat deposits under the skin reduce heat loss, maintaining body temperature. - Give reason why proteins are needed during growth.
Answer: Proteins supply amino acids for building new tissues and supporting development. - Give reason why water-soluble vitamins need regular intake.
Answer: Water-soluble vitamins (B, C) are not stored in the body and are excreted, requiring regular supply. - Give reason why excess intake of fats is harmful.
Answer: Excess fats can lead to obesity, cardiovascular problems, and metabolic disorders. - Give reason why dietary fiber helps prevent colon diseases.
Answer: Fiber improves bowel movement, reducing risk of constipation and colon disorders. - Give reason why protein deficiency affects immunity.
Answer: Lack of protein reduces antibody and enzyme production, weakening immune defense. - Give reason why vitamin deficiency affects metabolism.
Answer: Vitamins act as coenzymes in metabolic reactions, and deficiency slows down metabolism. - Give reason why sodium and potassium are essential for nerves.
Answer: They generate and transmit nerve impulses through action potentials. - Give reason why calcium deficiency affects teeth and bones.
Answer: Insufficient calcium weakens bones and teeth, leading to rickets or osteoporosis. - Give reason why phosphorus deficiency affects energy supply.
Answer: Phosphorus is part of ATP, the energy currency; deficiency reduces energy availability. - Give reason why fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the liver.
Answer: Fat-soluble vitamins dissolve in fat and are stored in the liver and adipose tissue for later use. - Give reason why children require more proteins than adults.
Answer: Children are in a growth phase and need more proteins for tissue formation and development. - Give reason why Kwashiorkar primarily affects children aged 1–3 years.
Answer: Children in this age group require high protein for growth, and deficiency leads to Kwashiorkar. - Give reason why proper nutrition is essential for protection against infections.
Answer: Adequate nutrition strengthens immunity, supports production of antibodies, and maintains body defenses against infections.
Arrange the Words
Case Studies
- Case Study:
Ramesh is a 3-year-old child who has a swollen belly, is irritable, and has delayed growth. His parents cannot provide him enough protein-rich food.
Question: Identify the deficiency disease and suggest a treatment.
Answer: The disease is Kwashiorkar, caused by protein deficiency. Treatment includes providing high-protein foods like milk, eggs, pulses, and supplements. - Case Study:
An 8-year-old child shows extreme thinness, muscle wasting, and delayed growth due to overall nutrient deficiency.
Question: Name the disease and suggest a remedy.
Answer: The disease is Marasmus. Remedy includes a high-calorie, nutrient-rich diet with proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals. - Case Study:
A child complains of night blindness and dry skin. His diet lacks green leafy vegetables and carrots.
Question: Identify the nutrient deficiency and suggest a solution.
Answer: Deficiency of Vitamin A. Solution: Include carrots, spinach, and other vitamin A-rich foods in the diet. - Case Study:
Sunita develops rickets, her bones are soft and deformed. She rarely plays outdoors and avoids milk.
Question: Identify the nutrient deficiency and suggest preventive measures.
Answer: Deficiency of Vitamin D or calcium. Preventive measures: Exposure to sunlight, include milk, eggs, fish, and calcium supplements. - Case Study:
A person suffers from bleeding gums, frequent bruising, and poor wound healing. He eats very few fruits and vegetables.
Question: Identify the deficiency disease and nutrient involved.
Answer: Scurvy, due to Vitamin C deficiency. Treatment: Include citrus fruits, guava, tomatoes, and vitamin C supplements. - Case Study:
An adult has low hemoglobin levels, feels tired and weak, and has pale skin. His diet lacks meat and leafy vegetables.
Question: Identify the nutrient deficiency and suggest a solution.
Answer: Iron deficiency anemia. Solution: Include iron-rich foods like spinach, liver, and iron supplements. - Case Study:
A 10-year-old child is extremely thin, weak, and has delayed growth. He consumes very little food of any type.
Question: Identify the type of malnutrition and the required dietary correction.
Answer: Marasmus due to overall nutrient deficiency. Correction: Provide high-calorie, nutrient-dense foods. - Case Study:
Rahul complains of excessive bleeding from minor cuts. His diet lacks green vegetables.
Question: Which vitamin deficiency is responsible and what is the remedy?
Answer: Vitamin K deficiency. Remedy: Include green leafy vegetables and vitamin K supplements. - Case Study:
A child is irritable, has edema, and appears malnourished even though he receives sufficient calories.
Question: Which disease is indicated and what nutrient is missing?
Answer: Kwashiorkar, caused by protein deficiency. Treatment: Provide protein-rich foods. - Case Study:
Suresh avoids exposure to sunlight and has a diet low in dairy. His bones are weak and deformed.
Question: Identify the deficiency and preventive measures.
Answer: Vitamin D and calcium deficiency. Preventive measures: Sunlight exposure, milk, eggs, fish. - Case Study:
A teenager complains of fatigue, weakness, and frequent infections. Diet is deficient in leafy vegetables and citrus fruits.
Question: Which nutrients are lacking and what is the treatment?
Answer: Vitamin C and iron deficiency. Treatment: Include fruits, green vegetables, and iron-rich foods. - Case Study:
A student is constipated and has irregular bowel movement. Diet lacks whole grains and vegetables.
Question: Identify the missing component and suggest dietary changes.
Answer: Dietary fiber (cellulose). Include fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in diet. - Case Study:
A young girl complains of brittle bones and slow growth. Her diet has very little milk or cheese.
Question: Identify the nutrient deficiency and corrective measures.
Answer: Calcium deficiency. Corrective measures: Include milk, cheese, and calcium-rich foods. - Case Study:
A child consumes excessive junk food but little protein or vitamins. She has weak immunity and frequent infections.
Question: Identify the condition and the missing nutrients.
Answer: Malnutrition, deficient in proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Treatment: Balanced diet with all essential nutrients. - Case Study:
A person feels weak and lethargic, eats little meat, and has pale skin. Blood tests show low hemoglobin.
Question: Identify the nutrient deficiency and solution.
Answer: Iron deficiency anemia. Solution: Include iron-rich foods like spinach, liver, and lentils. - Case Study:
A child avoids fruits and vegetables. She suffers from delayed wound healing and frequent infections.
Question: Identify the likely vitamin deficiency.
Answer: Vitamin C deficiency. Include citrus fruits, guava, tomato, and supplements. - Case Study:
A person avoids fats in the diet. He has dry skin, poor immunity, and vision problems.
Question: Which nutrients is he lacking?
Answer: Fat and fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K). Treatment: Include healthy fats and vitamin-rich foods. - Case Study:
A school-going child eats very little protein but sufficient carbohydrates. She shows edema and delayed growth.
Question: Identify the deficiency disease and remedy.
Answer: Kwashiorkar due to protein deficiency. Remedy: High-protein diet (milk, eggs, pulses). - Case Study:
A teenager shows stunted growth and thinness despite adequate calorie intake. The diet lacks variety.
Question: Identify the type of malnutrition.
Answer: Marasmus, caused by overall nutrient deficiency. - Case Study:
A child avoids salt, resulting in muscle cramps and weakness. Tests show electrolyte imbalance.
Question: Which minerals are deficient and how can it be corrected?
Answer: Sodium and potassium deficiency. Corrective measures: Include salt in moderation, bananas, vegetables, and electrolyte-rich foods.
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