Test Page – Q&A

Questions & Answers

ICSE - Grade - 9

Subject: Biology

Chapter - 01 - Introducing Biology

Types of Questions

MCQ

Q1. Biology is the study of ____.
 (a) Living organisms
 (b) Non-living things
 (c) The universe
 (d) Matter
 Ans: (a) Living organisms

Q2. The word ‘Biology’ is derived from which language?
 (a) Latin
 (b) Greek
 (c) Sanskrit
 (d) French
 Ans: (b) Greek

Q3. Which of the following is a branch of biology?
 (a) Physics
 (b) Chemistry
 (c) Botany
 (d) Astronomy
 Ans: (c) Botany

Q4. The study of microorganisms is called ____.
 (a) Zoology
 (b) Botany
 (c) Microbiology
 (d) Ecology
 Ans: (c) Microbiology

Q5. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living organisms?
 (a) Growth
 (b) Reproduction
 (c) Response to stimuli
 (d) Rusting
 Ans: (d) Rusting

Q6. The basic unit of life is ____.
 (a) Tissue
 (b) Cell
 (c) Organ
 (d) Organ system
 Ans: (b) Cell

Q7. The study of human body functions is called ____.
 (a) Ecology
 (b) Physiology
 (c) Microbiology
 (d) Cytology
 Ans: (b) Physiology

Q8. Which of the following is a unicellular organism?
 (a) Amoeba
 (b) Fish
 (c) Dog
 (d) Tree
 Ans: (a) Amoeba

Q9. Which of the following is NOT a level of biological organization?
 (a) Organism
 (b) Population
 (c) Community
 (d) Galaxy
 Ans: (d) Galaxy

Q10. The process by which living organisms produce their own kind is called ____.
 (a) Growth
 (b) Reproduction
 (c) Respiration
 (d) Excretion
 Ans: (b) Reproduction

Fill in the Blanks

 

  1. Biology is the study of ______. (living organisms)
  2. The word “Biology” is derived from the Greek words “Bios” meaning ______ and “Logos” meaning study. (life)
  3. The basic unit of life is the ______. (cell)
  4. The study of plants is called ______. (botany)
  5. The study of animals is called ______. (zoology)
  6. The study of microorganisms is called ______. (microbiology)
  7. The ability to respond to stimuli is called ______. (irritability)
  8. The removal of metabolic waste from the body is called ______. (excretion)
  9. The process by which organisms produce their own kind is called ______. (reproduction)
  10. ______ is the process of obtaining energy from food. (Respiration)
  11. The human body is made up of about ______ trillion cells. (37.2)
  12. Organisms that consist of a single cell are called ______. (unicellular organisms)
  13. Amoeba and Paramecium are examples of ______ organisms. (unicellular)
  14. An organism made up of many cells is called ______. (multicellular)
  15. The branch of biology that deals with classification is called ______. (taxonomy)
  16. The process by which living organisms grow is called ______. (growth)
  17. The ability of living organisms to adjust to their surroundings is called ______. (adaptation)
  18. The process of maintaining a stable internal environment is called ______. (homeostasis)
  19. A group of similar organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring is called a ______. (species)
  20. The sum of all chemical reactions occurring in an organism is called ______. (metabolism)
  21. A tool used to magnify tiny objects is called a ______. (microscope)
  22. The study of interactions between organisms and their environment is called ______. (ecology)
  23. The human body contains about ______ bones. (206)
  24. A ______ is a structure made up of different tissues performing a specific function. (organ)
  25. The smallest structural and functional unit of an organism is a ______. (cell)

Name the Following

 

  1. The basic unit of life.
     Ans: Cell
  2. The branch of biology that deals with the study of plants.
     Ans: Botany
  3. The branch of biology that deals with the study of animals.
     Ans: Zoology
  4. The branch of biology that studies microorganisms.
     Ans: Microbiology
  5. The ability of an organism to respond to stimuli.
     Ans: Irritability
  6. The removal of metabolic waste from the body.
     Ans: Excretion
  7. The process by which living organisms produce their own kind.
     Ans: Reproduction
  8. The process by which organisms obtain energy from food.
     Ans: Respiration
  9. The structural and functional unit of all living organisms.
     Ans: Cell
  10. The tool used to observe microscopic organisms.
     Ans: Microscope
  11. The branch of biology that deals with classification.
     Ans: Taxonomy
  12. The sum of all chemical reactions occurring in a living organism.
     Ans: Metabolism
  13. The branch of biology that deals with the study of the human body.
     Ans: Human Biology
  14. The green pigment responsible for photosynthesis.
     Ans: Chlorophyll
  15. The organelle known as the powerhouse of the cell.
     Ans: Mitochondria
  16. The process by which green plants make their own food.
     Ans: Photosynthesis
  17. The branch of biology that studies interactions between organisms and their environment.
     Ans: Ecology
  18. The group of similar organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
     Ans: Species
  19. The branch of biology that deals with the study of genes and heredity.
     Ans: Genetics
  20. The branch of biology that studies fossils.
     Ans: Paleontology

Answer in One Word

 

  1. The study of living organisms.
     Ans: Biology
  2. The basic unit of life.
     Ans: Cell
  3. The study of plants.
     Ans: Botany
  4. The study of animals.
     Ans: Zoology
  5. The study of microorganisms.
     Ans: Microbiology
  6. The powerhouse of the cell.
     Ans: Mitochondria
  7. The green pigment in plants.
     Ans: Chlorophyll
  8. The process by which plants make food.
     Ans: Photosynthesis
  9. The largest organ in the human body.
     Ans: Skin
  10. The process of removing waste from the body.
     Ans: Excretion
  11. The study of heredity and genes.
     Ans: Genetics
  12. The life-supporting zone of Earth.
     Ans: Biosphere
  13. The study of fossils.
     Ans: Paleontology
  14. The sum of all chemical reactions in an organism.
     Ans: Metabolism
  15. The process of maintaining a stable internal environment.
     Ans: Homeostasis
  16. The smallest structural and functional unit of life.
     Ans: Cell
  17. The movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane.
     Ans: Osmosis
  18. The process of breathing in oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide.
     Ans: Respiration
  19. The scientific name of humans.
     Ans: Homo sapiens
  20. The process by which living organisms grow.
     Ans: Growth
  21. The process by which organisms produce offspring.
     Ans: Reproduction
  22. The ability of an organism to respond to stimuli.
     Ans: Irritability
  23. The smallest bone in the human body.
     Ans: Stapes
  24. The largest bone in the human body.
     Ans: Femur
  25. The study of interactions between organisms and their environment.
     Ans: Ecology

ICSE - Grade 9 - Physics

All Chapters

  • Chapter 1 Measurement and Experimentation
  • Chapter 2 Motion in one dimension
  • Chapter 3 Laws of Motion
  • Chapter 4 Pressure in fluids and Atmospheric pressure
  • Chapter 5 Upthrust in Fluids, Archimedes’ Principle and Floatation
  • Chapter 6 Heat and energy
  • Chapter 7 Reflection of light
  • Chapter 8 Propagation of Sound waves
  • Chapter 9 Current Electricity
  • Chapter 10 Magnetism

ICSE - Grade 9 - Chemistry

All Chapters

  • Chapter 1 The Language of Chemistry
  • Chapter 2 Chemical Changes and Reactions
  • Chapter 3 Water
  • Chapter 4 Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonding
  • Chapter 5 The periodic table
  • Chapter 6 Study of the first Element Hydrogen
  • Chapter 7 Study of Gas laws
  • Chapter 8 Atmospheric Pollution

ICSE - Grade 9 - Mathematics

All Chapters

  • Chapter 1 Rational and Irrational Numbers
  • Chapter 2 Compound Interest [Without Using Formula]
  • Chapter 3 Compound Interest [Using Formula]
  • Chapter 4 Expansions
  • Chapter 5 Factorisation
  • Chapter 6 Simultaneous Equations
  • Chapter 7 Indices
  • Chapter 8 Logarithms
  • Chapter 9 Triangles
  • Chapter 10 Isosceles Triangles
  • Chapter 11 Inequalities
  • Chapter 12 Midpoint and Its Converse
  • Chapter 13 Pythagoras Theorem
  • Chapter 14 Rectilinear Figures
  • Chapter 15 Construction of Polygons
  • Chapter 16 Area Theorems
  • Chapter 17 Circle
  • Chapter 18 Statistics
  • Chapter 19 Mean and Median
  • Chapter 20 Area and Perimeter of Plane Figures
  • Chapter 21 Solids
  • Chapter 22 Trigonometrical Ratios
  • Chapter 23 Trigonometrical Ratios of Standard Angles
  • Chapter 24 Solutions of Right Triangles
  • Chapter 25 Complementary Angles
  • Chapter 26 Coordinate Geometry
  • Chapter 27 Graphical Solution
  • Chapter 28 Distance Formula

ICSE - Grade 9 - Biology

All Chapters

  • Chapter 1 Introducing Biology
  • Chapter 2 Cell: The Unit Of Life
  • Chapter 3 Tissues: Plant And Animal Tissue
  • Chapter 4 The Flower
  • Chapter 5 Pollination and Fertilization
  • Chapter 6 Seeds: Structure and Germination
  • Chapter 7 Respiration in Plants
  • Chapter 8 Five Kingdom Classification
  • Chapter 9 Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi
  • Chapter 10 Nutrition
  • Chapter 11 Digestive system
  • Chapter 12 Skeleton: Movement and Locomotion
  • Chapter 13 Skin: The Jack of all trades
  • Chapter 14 The Respiratory System
  • Chapter 15 Hygiene: [A key to Healthy Life]
  • Chapter 16 Diseases: Cause and Control
  • Chapter 17 Aids to Health
  • Chapter 18 Health Organizations
  • Chapter 19 Waste Generation and Management
  •  

ICSE - Grade 9 - History

All Chapters

  • Chapter 1 – The Harappan Civilisation
  • Chapter 2 – The Vedic Period
  • Chapter 3 – Jainism and Buddhism
  • Chapter 4 – The Mauryan Empire
  • History — Chapter 5
    The Sangam Age
  • Chapter 6 – The Age of the Guptas
  • Chapter 7 – Medieval India — (A) The Cholas
  • Chapter 8 – Medieval India — (B) The Delhi Sultanate
  • Chapter 9 – Medieval India — (C) The Mughal Empire
  • Chapter 10 – Medieval India — (D) Composite Culture
  • Chapter 11 – The Modern Age in Europe — (A) Renaissance
  • Chapter 12 – The Modern Age in Europe — (B) Reformation
  • Chapter 13 – The Modern Age in Europe — (C) Industrial Revolution
  •  

ICSE - Grade 9 - Civics

All Chapters

  • Chapter 1: Our Constitution
  • Chapter 2: Salient Features of the Constitution — I
  • Chapter 3: Salient Features of the
  • Constitution — II
  • Chapter 4: Elections
  • Chapter 5: Local Self-Government — Rural
  • Chapter 6: Local Self-Government — Urban
  •  

ICSE - Grade 9 - Geography

All Chapters

  • Ch 1 – Earth as a Planet
    Ch 2 – Geographic Grid: Latitudes and Longitudes
    Ch 3 – Rotation and Revolution
    Ch 4 – Earth’s Structure
    Ch 5 – Landforms of the Earth
    Ch 6 – Rocks
    Ch 7 – Volcanoes
    Ch 8 – Earthquakes
    Ch 9 – Weathering
    Ch 10 – Denudation
    Ch 11 – Hydrosphere
    Ch 12 – Composition and Structure of the Atmosphere
    Ch 13 – Insolation
    Ch 14 – Atmospheric Pressure and Winds
    Ch 15 – Humidity
    Ch 16 – Pollution
    Ch 17 – Sources of Pollution
    Ch 18 – Effects of Pollution
    Ch 19 – Preventive Measures
    Ch 20 – Natural Regions of the World

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Find the Odd Man Out

 

  1. Amoeba, Paramecium, Bacteria, Mango tree
    Odd one: Mango tree (It is multicellular; others are unicellular.)
  2. Heart, Kidney, Liver, Mitochondria
    Odd one: Mitochondria (It is an organelle; others are organs.)
  3. Oxygen, Carbon dioxide, Nitrogen, Glucose
    Odd one: Glucose (It is not a gas; others are gases.)
  4. Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Mitochondria, Stapes
    Odd one: Stapes (It is a bone; others are cell organelles.)
  5. Botany, Zoology, Chemistry, Microbiology
    Odd one: Chemistry (It is not a branch of Biology.)
  6. Liver, Heart, Lungs, Stomach
    Odd one: Liver (It is a gland; others are organs involved in circulation or digestion.)
  7. Femur, Tibia, Humerus, Heart
    Odd one: Heart (It is an organ; others are bones.)
  8. Cell wall, Cell membrane, Nucleus, Chloroplast
    Odd one: Nucleus (It is present in both plant and animal cells; others are found only in plant cells.)
  9. Lungs, Kidney, Stomach, Skin
    Odd one: Skin (It is the largest organ; others are internal organs.)
  10. Bacteria, Virus, Fungi, Protozoa
    Odd one: Virus (It is not a living organism on its own; others are.)
  11. Photosynthesis, Respiration, Excretion, Circulation
    Odd one: Photosynthesis (It is specific to plants; others occur in all living organisms.)
  12. Nose, Ear, Skin, Lungs
    Odd one: Lungs (It is an internal organ; others are sense organs.)
  13. DNA, RNA, Protein, Mitochondria
    Odd one: Mitochondria (It is an organelle; others are biomolecules.)
  14. Brain, Spinal cord, Nerve, Stomach
    Odd one: Stomach (It is part of the digestive system; others are part of the nervous system.)
  15. Virus, Bacteria, Amoeba, Paramecium
    Odd one: Virus (It is not a complete cell; others are unicellular organisms.)
  16. Ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, Lysosome, Femur
    Odd one: Femur (It is a bone; others are cell organelles.)
  17. Fish, Frog, Snake, Lotus
    Odd one: Lotus (It is a plant; others are animals.)
  18. Ovary, Testis, Liver, Uterus
    Odd one: Liver (It is not a reproductive organ; others are.)
  19. Respiration, Digestion, Circulation, Reproduction
    Odd one: Reproduction (It is not an essential life process for individual survival.)
  20. Water, Light, Carbon dioxide, ATP
    Odd one: ATP (It is an energy molecule; others are raw materials for photosynthesis.)

Match the Pair

 

Set 1: Match the Pairs (Shuffled Column B)

  1. Cell → (b) Study of heredity
  2. Botany → (d) Functional unit of life
  3. Photosynthesis → (a) Study of plants
  4. Genetics → (e) Process in green plants
  5. Mitochondria → (c) Powerhouse of the cell

Correct Answers:

  1. Cell → (d) Functional unit of life
  2. Botany → (a) Study of plants
  3. Photosynthesis → (e) Process in green plants
  4. Genetics → (b) Study of heredity
  5. Mitochondria → (c) Powerhouse of the cell

Set 2: Match the Pairs (Shuffled Column B)

  1. Zoology → (e) Study of microorganisms
  2. Microbiology → (b) Study of animals
  3. Chloroplast → (a) Green pigment
  4. DNA → (d) Genetic material
  5. Homeostasis → (c) Maintaining internal balance

Correct Answers:

  1. Zoology → (b) Study of animals
  2. Microbiology → (e) Study of microorganisms
  3. Chloroplast → (a) Green pigment
  4. DNA → (d) Genetic material
  5. Homeostasis → (c) Maintaining internal balance

Set 3: Match the Pairs (Shuffled Column B)

  1. Xylem → (c) Transport of food
  2. Phloem → (a) Transport of water
  3. Excretion → (e) Removal of waste
  4. Ribosomes → (d) Protein synthesis
  5. Nucleus → (b) Control center of the cell

Correct Answers:

  1. Xylem → (a) Transport of water
  2. Phloem → (c) Transport of food
  3. Excretion → (e) Removal of waste
  4. Ribosomes → (d) Protein synthesis
  5. Nucleus → (b) Control center of the cell

Set 4: Match the Pairs (Shuffled Column B)

  1. Cytoplasm → (e) Produces bile
  2. Liver → (c) Site of cellular reactions
  3. Kidneys → (a) Excretory organ
  4. Heart → (b) Pumps blood
  5. Lungs → (d) Helps in respiration

Correct Answers:

  1. Cytoplasm → (c) Site of cellular reactions
  2. Liver → (e) Produces bile
  3. Kidneys → (a) Excretory organ
  4. Heart → (b) Pumps blood
  5. Lungs → (d) Helps in respiration

Short Answer Questions  

 

  1. What is biology?
    Ans: Biology is the study of living organisms and their life processes.
  2. Who is known as the Father of Biology?
    Ans: Aristotle.
  3. What are the two main branches of biology?
    Ans: Botany (study of plants) and Zoology (study of animals).
  4. Define a cell.
    Ans: A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life.
  5. What is microbiology?
    Ans: Microbiology is the study of microscopic organisms such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
  6. Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
    Ans: Mitochondria.
  7. What is the function of chloroplasts?
    Ans: Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and help in photosynthesis.
  8. What is homeostasis?
    Ans: Homeostasis is the process of maintaining a stable internal environment in an organism.
  9. What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?
    Ans: The nucleus controls all cell activities and contains genetic material (DNA).
  10. Name two unicellular organisms.
    Ans: Amoeba and Paramecium.
  11. What is the role of ribosomes in a cell?
    Ans: Ribosomes help in protein synthesis.
  12. Which part of the plant transports water?
    Ans: Xylem.
  13. Which part of the plant transports food?
    Ans: Phloem.
  14. What is respiration?
    Ans: Respiration is the process of breaking down glucose to release energy in the form of ATP.
  15. What is excretion?
    Ans: Excretion is the process of removing metabolic waste from the body.
  16. What is osmosis?
    Ans: Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration.
  17. What is diffusion?
    Ans: Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
  18. What is the function of red blood cells?
    Ans: Red blood cells transport oxygen throughout the body.
  19. Which blood cells fight infections?
    Ans: White blood cells (WBCs).
  20. What is the main function of the heart?
    Ans: The heart pumps blood throughout the body.

Puzzles

 

  1. Word Jumble (Rearrange the Letters)
  1. NIOTYOLB → BIOLOGY
  2. RMLATEBOISM → METABOLISM
  3. NTAYBO → BOTANY
  4. GIYLXOENE → OXYGEN
  5. LOPHOSRHYCIL → CHLOROPHYLL
  1. Fill in the Missing Letters
  1. M_ _O _H _D _ I _ → MITOCHONDRIA
  2. P _ O _ O _ Y _ H _ S _ S → PHOTOSYNTHESIS
  3. C _ T _ P _ A _ M → CYTOPLASM
  4. D _ F _ U _ I _ N → DIFFUSION
  5. E _ Z _ M _ → ENZYME
  1. Riddles
  1. I’m green and make food for plants. What am I? → Chlorophyll
  2. I am the control center of the cell. What am I? → Nucleus
  3. I transport water in plants. What am I? → Xylem
  4. I am a powerhouse but not a house. What am I? → Mitochondria
  5. I remove waste from the human body. What am I? → Kidney
  1. Match the Following (Shuffled Answers)
  1. Photosynthesis → (c) Removes carbon dioxide
  2. Heart → (a) Pumps blood
  3. Diffusion → (e) Movement from high to low concentration
  4. Nucleus → (b) Controls cell functions
  5. Enzyme → (d) Speeds up chemical reactions

Correct Answers:
16. Photosynthesis → (c) Removes carbon dioxide
17. Heart → (a) Pumps blood
18. Diffusion → (e) Movement from high to low concentration
19. Nucleus → (b) Controls cell functions
20. Enzyme → (d) Speeds up chemical reactions

  1. Find the Odd One Out
  1. Amoeba, Paramecium, Bacteria, Mango tree → Mango tree (Multicellular)
  2. Heart, Lungs, Stomach, Mitochondria → Mitochondria (Cell organelle)
  3. DNA, RNA, Protein, Liver → Liver (Organ, others are molecules)
  4. Carbon dioxide, Oxygen, Glucose, Nitrogen → Glucose (Not a gas)
  5. Xylem, Phloem, Kidney, Stomata → Kidney (Animal system)
  1. Complete the Series
  1. Cell → Tissue → Organ → ? → Organism
    Answer: Organ system
  2. Nucleus, Mitochondria, Ribosome, ?
    Answer: Golgi apparatus
  3. Aorta, Artery, Capillary, ?
    Answer: Vein
  4. Brain, Spinal cord, Nerves, ?
    Answer: Neurons
  5. DNA, Gene, Chromosome, ?
    Answer: Nucleus
  1. True or False
  1. Viruses are living organisms. (False)
  2. The mitochondria help in digestion. (False)
  3. Bacteria can be both helpful and harmful. (True)
  4. The human body has 306 bones. (False)
  5. Photosynthesis occurs in all cells of a plant. (False)
  1. Crosswords (Clue-Based)
  1. A cell organelle that contains DNA. → Nucleus
  2. The smallest unit of life. → Cell
  3. The process by which plants make food. → Photosynthesis
  4. The organ that pumps blood. → Heart
  5. A group of similar cells performing the same function. → Tissue
  1. Find the Hidden Word
  1. I _ A _ O _ I _ → PLASMA
  2. T _ O _ O _ Y → ZOOLOGY
  3. R _ S _ I _ A _ I _ N → RESPIRATION
  4. X _ L _ M → XYLEM
  5. L _ V _ R → LIVER
  1. What Am I? (Guess the Term)
  1. I control cell functions and contain genetic material. Nucleus
  2. I help in breathing and gas exchange. Lungs
  3. I break down food in the stomach. Enzyme
  4. I transport food in plants. Phloem
  5. I store urine before excretion. Urinary bladder

Difference Between:

 

  1. Difference Between Plant Cell and Animal Cell

Plant Cell:

  • Has a cell wall made of cellulose.
  • Contains chloroplasts for photosynthesis.
  • Has a large central vacuole.
  • No centrioles in most plant cells.

Animal Cell:

  • Lacks a cell wall.
  • No chloroplasts, cannot perform photosynthesis.
  • Has small vacuoles or none.
  • Contains centrioles for cell division.
  1. Difference Between Photosynthesis and Respiration

Photosynthesis:

  • Occurs in chloroplasts of plants.
  • Converts light energy into chemical energy (glucose).
  • Uses carbon dioxide and water, releases oxygen.

Respiration:

  • Occurs in mitochondria of all living cells.
  • Breaks down glucose to release energy (ATP).
  • Uses oxygen, releases carbon dioxide and water.
  1. Difference Between Xylem and Phloem

Xylem:

  • Transports water and minerals from roots to leaves.
  • Made of dead cells.
  • Conducts water in one direction (upward).

Phloem:

  • Transports food (sugar) from leaves to other parts.
  • Made of living cells.
  • Conducts food in both directions.
  1. Difference Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Prokaryotic Cells:

  • No nucleus; DNA is free in the cytoplasm.
  • No membrane-bound organelles.
  • Example: Bacteria.

Eukaryotic Cells:

  • Has a nucleus with a nuclear membrane.
  • Contains membrane-bound organelles (mitochondria, Golgi).
  • Example: Plants, animals, fungi.
  1. Difference Between Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration

Aerobic Respiration:

  • Requires oxygen.
  • Produces more energy (ATP).
  • End products: Carbon dioxide and water.

Anaerobic Respiration:

  • Does not require oxygen.
  • Produces less energy.
  • End products: Lactic acid or alcohol.

Assertion and Reason

 

Instructions:

  • (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and R explains A.
  • (B) Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A.
  • (C) A is true, but R is false.
  • (D) A is false, but R is true.
  1. Assertion (A): All living organisms are made up of cells.
    Reason (R): The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life.
    Ans: (A)
  2. Assertion (A): Photosynthesis occurs in all living organisms.
    Reason (R): Photosynthesis is the process by which plants prepare their food.
    Ans: (C)
  3. Assertion (A): Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms.
    Reason (R): Prokaryotic cells lack a well-defined nucleus.
    Ans: (A)
  4. Assertion (A): Viruses are considered living organisms.
    Reason (R): Viruses can reproduce only inside a host cell.
    Ans: (C)
  5. Assertion (A): The mitochondria is called the powerhouse of the cell.
    Reason (R): The mitochondria is responsible for ATP production.
    Ans: (A)
  6. Assertion (A): Amoeba is a unicellular organism.
    Reason (R): Amoeba is made up of multiple cells.
    Ans: (C)
  7. Assertion (A): DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms.
    Reason (R): DNA carries hereditary information.
    Ans: (A)
  8. Assertion (A): Respiration in humans occurs only during the day.
    Reason (R): Oxygen is required for respiration.
    Ans: (C)
  9. Assertion (A): Cell membrane is selectively permeable.
    Reason (R): It allows the movement of only certain substances in and out of the cell.
    Ans: (A)
  10. Assertion (A): Viruses can be killed using antibiotics.
    Reason (R): Antibiotics are used to destroy bacterial infections.
    Ans: (C)

True or False

 

  1. The basic unit of life is the cell. (True)
  2. Botany is the study of animals. (False)
  3. The mitochondria is called the powerhouse of the cell. (True)
  4. Viruses are considered living organisms. (False)
  5. Photosynthesis occurs only in green plants. (True)
  6. The nucleus controls all activities of the cell. (True)
  7. Microbiology is the study of tiny organisms like bacteria. (True)
  8. The cell membrane is fully permeable. (False)
  9. Chloroplasts are present in both plant and animal cells. (False)
  10. Xylem transports food in plants. (False)
  11. Homeostasis helps maintain a stable internal environment in an organism. (True)
  12. Amoeba is a multicellular organism. (False)
  13. Fungi are autotrophic organisms. (False)
  14. The brain is responsible for controlling voluntary actions. (True)
  15. The human heart has five chambers. (False)
  16. The lungs are the main respiratory organs in humans. (True)
  17. Diffusion is the movement of substances from a higher to a lower concentration. (True)
  18. All bacteria are harmful to humans. (False)
  19. The skin is the largest organ in the human body. (True)
  20. DNA is found only in the nucleus of a cell. (False)

Long Answer Questions

 

  1. Define Biology. Explain its branches.
    Ans: Biology is the scientific study of life and living organisms. It is divided into two main branches:
    • Botany: Study of plants.
    • Zoology: Study of animals.
  2. What are the characteristics of living organisms?
    Ans: Living organisms exhibit:
    • Growth
    • Reproduction
    • Cellular organization
    • Metabolism
    • Response to stimuli
    • Movement
    • Adaptation
  3. Describe the structure of a cell.
    Ans: A cell consists of:
    • Cell membrane: Controls entry and exit of substances.
    • Cytoplasm: Jelly-like substance where cell organelles are present.
    • Nucleus: Controls cell activities and contains DNA.
  4. Explain the difference between plant and animal cells.
    Ans:
    • Plant cells have a cell wall, animal cells do not.
    • Plant cells have chloroplasts, animal cells do not.
    • Plant cells have a large vacuole, animal cells have small vacuoles.
  5. What is the function of mitochondria? Why is it called the powerhouse of the cell?
    Ans: Mitochondria generate ATP (energy) through respiration, hence called the powerhouse of the cell.
  6. What are unicellular and multicellular organisms? Give examples.
    Ans:
    • Unicellular organisms: Made of one cell (e.g., Amoeba, Bacteria).
    • Multicellular organisms: Made of multiple cells (e.g., Humans, Plants).
  7. Explain the process of photosynthesis.
    Ans: Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts and involves:
    • Equation:
      6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
    • Process: Light energy converts water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen.
  8. What is respiration? Differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
    Ans:
    • Respiration: Process of breaking down glucose to release energy.
    • Aerobic respiration: Requires oxygen, produces more energy.
    • Anaerobic respiration: Occurs without oxygen, produces less energy.
  9. What is osmosis? Explain with an example.
    Ans: Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to higher concentration. Example: Absorption of water by plant roots.
  10. Explain the importance of diffusion in biological processes.
    Ans: Diffusion is essential for:
  • Exchange of gases in respiration.
  • Movement of nutrients across cell membranes.

Give Reasons

 

  1. Mitochondria are called the powerhouse of the cell.
    Ans: Mitochondria produce energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration.
  2. Viruses are considered non-living outside a host.
    Ans: They cannot carry out metabolic activities or reproduce without a host cell.
  3. Plant cells have a cell wall, but animal cells do not.
    Ans: The cell wall provides structural support and protection to plant cells.
  4. Photosynthesis occurs only in green plants.
    Ans: Green plants contain chlorophyll, which traps sunlight for photosynthesis.
  5. Xylem transports water in plants.
    Ans: Xylem vessels create a continuous pathway for water movement from roots to leaves.
  6. The nucleus is called the control center of the cell.
    Ans: It regulates cell activities and contains genetic material (DNA).
  7. Enzymes are called biological catalysts.
    Ans: They speed up chemical reactions without being consumed.
  8. Blood is considered a connective tissue.
    Ans: It connects different body parts by transporting oxygen, nutrients, and waste.
  9. Fungi cannot perform photosynthesis.
    Ans: They lack chlorophyll and obtain nutrients from dead or decaying matter.
  10. Osmosis is important for plant survival.
    Ans: It helps absorb water from the soil and maintain cell turgidity.
  11. Red blood cells lack a nucleus.
    Ans: This increases space for hemoglobin, allowing more oxygen transport.
  12. The heart has four chambers.
    Ans: This ensures efficient separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
  13. Excretion is important for living organisms.
    Ans: It removes toxic metabolic waste and maintains homeostasis.
  14. Diffusion is essential for respiration.
    Ans: It allows oxygen and carbon dioxide to move in and out of cells.
  15. Arteries have thick, muscular walls.
    Ans: They need to withstand high blood pressure from the heart.
  16. Platelets are necessary for blood clotting.
    Ans: They help form clots to prevent excessive bleeding.
  17. The small intestine is highly folded.
    Ans: This increases surface area for maximum nutrient absorption.
  18. Cactus plants have thick stems.
    Ans: They store water to survive in dry conditions.
  19. Bile is important for digestion.
    Ans: It emulsifies fats, making them easier to digest.
  20. Kidneys filter blood.
    Ans: They remove waste products and excess water to form urine.

Arrange the Words 

 

  1. OLBOOGYI → BIOLOGY
  2. TLUECLLSA → CELLULAR
  3. CRNSTIEPOITNAOHYS → PHOTOSYNTHETIC
  4. DLBOO → BLOOD
  5. YLOOGOZ → ZOOLOGY
  6. TNBOYA → BOTANY
  7. TDUIOSHPNSOSYTEH → PHOTOSYNTHESIS
  8. RITENSOP → PROTEINS
  9. GNICTAROBMIO → MICROBIOTIC
  10. METLOSAIBM → METABOLISM

Case Studies

 

Case Study 1: The Curious Botanist

A botanist observed that plants kept near a window grew towards the sunlight.

  • What is this phenomenon called?
    Answer: Phototropism
  • Which plant hormone is responsible for this movement?
    Answer: Auxin

Case Study 2: The Athlete’s Respiration

An athlete experienced muscle pain after an intense workout.

  • What causes muscle pain after heavy exercise?
    Answer: Lactic acid buildup due to anaerobic respiration
  • What type of respiration occurs in muscles during vigorous exercise?
    Answer: Anaerobic respiration

Numericals

Numeric problems are not available for this chapter.

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