ICSE – Grade 9 – Biology – Ch 15 – QA

Questions & Answers

ICSE - Grade - 9

Subject: Biology

Chapter - 15 - Hygiene: [A Key to Healthy Life]

Types of Questions

MCQ

  1. What is the main purpose of hygiene?
     a) To promote wealth
     b) To maintain fashion
     c) To maintain health and prevent diseases
     d) To improve memory
     Correct Answer: c


  2. The skin harbours which of the following?
     a) Clean air
     b) Vitamins
     c) Dust, dirt, sweat and microorganisms
     d) Proteins
     Correct Answer: c


  3. Why is daily bathing with soap recommended?
     a) For fragrance
     b) To increase body temperature
     c) To remove germs and dirt
     d) To make the skin oily
     Correct Answer: c


  4. Hands must be washed before meals to:
     a) Moisturize them
     b) Ingest soap
     c) Prevent the ingestion of germs
     d) Maintain skin tone
     Correct Answer: c


  5. What is a preventive measure for lice?
     a) Using perfume
     b) Wearing a cap
     c) Washing hair regularly
     d) Avoiding exercise
     Correct Answer: c


  6. Which practice helps in avoiding tooth decay?
     a) Eating chocolate daily
     b) Brushing teeth once a week
     c) Brushing teeth twice daily
     d) Using only water to rinse mouth
     Correct Answer: c


  7. What is the function of fine hairs in the nose?
     a) Enhance smell
     b) Warm the air
     c) Filter dust and microorganisms
     d) Produce mucus
     Correct Answer: c


  8. Cleaning of eyes and ears helps in:
     a) Brightening vision
     b) Avoiding spectacles
     c) Preventing dust and injuries
     d) Enhancing sound
     Correct Answer: c


  9. What improves blood circulation and muscle condition?
     a) Reading
     b) Sleeping
     c) Physical exercise
     d) Watching television
     Correct Answer: c


  10. Which of the following enhances mental alertness?
     a) Physical exercise
     b) Excess sugar
     c) Laziness
     d) Dehydration
     Correct Answer: a


  11. Proper rest and sleep help in:
     a) Causing laziness
     b) Decreasing digestion
     c) Repairing tissues and restoring energy
     d) Weakening immunity
     Correct Answer: c


  12. Lack of sleep leads to:
     a) Improved vision
     b) Increased energy
     c) Irritability and tiredness
     d) Better memory
     Correct Answer: c


  13. Which is a healthy habit?
     a) Smoking
     b) Eating junk food
     c) Drinking clean water
     d) Taking unprescribed drugs
     Correct Answer: c


  14. What is essential to ensure good health?
     a) Late-night meals
     b) Skipping breakfast
     c) Balanced diet and clean water
     d) Overeating
     Correct Answer: c


  15. What does social hygiene focus on?
     a) Personal fashion
     b) Clean environment in the community
     c) Social networking
     d) Political gatherings
     Correct Answer: b


  16. What is the benefit of clean public places?
     a) Aesthetic value only
     b) Entertainment
     c) Prevention of epidemics
     d) Attraction of tourists
     Correct Answer: c


  17. What are disease carriers called?
     a) Hosts
     b) Insects
     c) Pathogens
     d) Vectors
     Correct Answer: d


  18. What do vectors do?
     a) Produce antibodies
     b) Transmit disease-causing germs
     c) Clean the environment
     d) Increase immunity
     Correct Answer: b


  19. Which of the following is a disease spread by houseflies?
     a) Tuberculosis
     b) Typhoid
     c) Cancer
     d) Asthma
     Correct Answer: b


  20. Which is not a control measure for houseflies?
     a) Fly traps
     b) Keeping food covered
     c) Open garbage
     d) Cleaning surroundings
     Correct Answer: c


  21. Mosquitoes breed in:
     a) Dry soil
     b) Moving water
     c) Stagnant water
     d) Hot sand
     Correct Answer: c


  22. Which is a mosquito-borne disease?
     a) Typhoid
     b) Dengue
     c) Dysentery
     d) Tuberculosis
     Correct Answer: b


  23. What prevents mosquito breeding?
     a) Keeping water open
     b) Allowing puddles
     c) Using mosquito nets
     d) Throwing waste on roads
     Correct Answer: c


  24. Which disease is spread by rats?
     a) Dengue
     b) Leptospirosis
     c) Typhoid
     d) Influenza
     Correct Answer: b


  25. What is a control measure against cockroaches?
     a) Keeping dirty food
     b) Allowing food to rot
     c) Clean kitchen and traps
     d) Leaving food open
     Correct Answer: c


  26. What can contaminate water?
     a) Purifiers
     b) Industrial effluents
     c) Boiling
     d) Sealed pipes
     Correct Answer: b


  27. Safe water can be ensured through:
     a) Washing hands
     b) Drinking soda
     c) Filtration and boiling
     d) Leaving water in open containers
     Correct Answer: c


  28. Cholera is caused by:
     a) Shigella
     b) Vibrio cholerae
     c) Entamoeba
     d) Salmonella
     Correct Answer: b


  29. What is a symptom of cholera?
     a) Cough
     b) Vomiting and diarrhoea
     c) Headache
     d) Fever only
     Correct Answer: b


  30. Dysentery leads to:
     a) Skin rash
     b) Loose stools with blood
     c) Jaundice
     d) Vomiting
     Correct Answer: b


  31. Which organism causes amoebic dysentery?
     a) Vibrio cholerae
     b) Salmonella
     c) Entamoeba histolytica
     d) Hepatitis virus
     Correct Answer: c


  32. Hepatitis A affects:
     a) Heart
     b) Liver
     c) Lungs
     d) Kidneys
     Correct Answer: b


  33. Which food should be avoided to prevent water-borne diseases?
     a) Covered fruits
     b) Hot home-cooked food
     c) Uncovered street food
     d) Filtered water
     Correct Answer: c


  34. Which method is not useful for controlling mosquitoes?
     a) Spraying insecticides
     b) Open water storage
     c) Larvicides
     d) Nets
     Correct Answer: b


  35. Regular handwashing helps prevent:
     a) Acne
     b) Nail growth
     c) Ingestion of germs
     d) Cough
     Correct Answer: c


  36. Which of the following improves immunity?
     a) Isolation
     b) Physical exercise
     c) Alcohol
     d) Excess sugar
     Correct Answer: b


  37. Rest is necessary for:
     a) Entertainment
     b) Social life
     c) Recovery and relaxation
     d) Eating more
     Correct Answer: c


  38. What is a vector of dengue?
     a) Housefly
     b) Rat
     c) Mosquito
     d) Cockroach
     Correct Answer: c


  39. What is the first step in personal hygiene?
     a) Wearing clean clothes
     b) Daily bathing
     c) Using perfume
     d) Applying lotion
     Correct Answer: b


  40. Filtration of water helps in:
     a) Adding minerals
     b) Changing taste
     c) Removing impurities
     d) Increasing temperature
     Correct Answer: c


  41. Personal hygiene includes:
     a) Pollution control
     b) Social behavior
     c) Cleanliness of body parts
     d) Group activities
     Correct Answer: c


  42. Social hygiene promotes:
     a) Personal appearance
     b) Personal rights
     c) Public cleanliness
     d) Sports
     Correct Answer: c


  43. Which of the following can be used to catch rats?
     a) Insecticide
     b) Rat trap
     c) Net
     d) Broom
     Correct Answer: b


  44. Disease caused by drinking contaminated water:
     a) Jaundice
     b) Cancer
     c) Cholera
     d) Asthma
     Correct Answer: c


  45. Which of the following is not part of personal hygiene?
     a) Brushing teeth
     b) Bathing
     c) Burning garbage
     d) Cutting nails
     Correct Answer: c


  46. Which disease is caused by bacteria and results in severe dehydration?
     a) Hepatitis
     b) Malaria
     c) Cholera
     d) Plague
     Correct Answer: c


  47. Covering food helps in preventing:
     a) Decay
     b) Dust accumulation
     c) Vector contamination
     d) Cooling
     Correct Answer: c


  48. Which is a viral water-borne disease?
     a) Cholera
     b) Dysentery
     c) Hepatitis A
     d) Plague
     Correct Answer: c


  49. What spreads leptospirosis?
     a) Cockroaches
     b) Mosquitoes
     c) Rats
     d) Houseflies
     Correct Answer: c


  50. Which of the following helps in removing larvae from water bodies?
     a) Fly traps
     b) Boiling
     c) Larvicides
     d) Soap
     Correct Answer: c

Fill in the Blanks

  1. Hygiene refers to conditions and practices that help to maintain ______ and prevent diseases.
     Answer: health


  2. The ______ is the outer protective covering of the human body.
     Answer: skin


  3. Skin harbours dust, dirt, sweat, and ______ microorganisms.
     Answer: disease-causing


  4. Daily bathing with ______ and water removes dirt and germs.
     Answer: soap


  5. Hands should be washed before eating and after using the ______.
     Answer: toilet


  6. Hair should be washed regularly to prevent ______ and lice.
     Answer: dandruff


  7. Teeth should be brushed ______ a day to avoid decay and bad breath.
     Answer: twice


  8. Fine hairs in the nose filter ______ and microorganisms.
     Answer: dust


  9. Eyes and ______ should be cleaned regularly to avoid infections.
     Answer: ears


  10. Regular ______ improves blood circulation and keeps muscles healthy.
     Answer: physical exercise


  11. Outdoor activities like walking and running are examples of ______.
     Answer: exercise


  12. Sleep helps in repairing ______ and restoring energy.
     Answer: tissues


  13. Lack of sleep can reduce ______ and cause irritability.
     Answer: immunity


  14. A ______ diet is essential for good health.
     Answer: balanced


  15. ______ water is necessary to prevent water-borne diseases.
     Answer: Clean


  16. Avoiding ______, alcohol, and drugs is a part of healthy living.
     Answer: tobacco


  17. Proper ______ disposal is a part of social hygiene.
     Answer: sewage


  18. Social hygiene refers to cleanliness at the ______ level.
     Answer: community


  19. ______ are organisms that transmit disease-causing germs.
     Answer: Vectors


  20. Houseflies transmit germs of diseases like typhoid and ______.
     Answer: cholera


  21. Mosquitoes breed in stagnant ______.
     Answer: water


  22. Malaria and dengue are spread by ______.
     Answer: mosquitoes


  23. Food should be kept ______ to avoid contamination by flies.
     Answer: covered


  24. Cockroaches contaminate ______ and spread germs.
     Answer: food


  25. Rats are carriers of ______ and leptospirosis.
     Answer: plague


  26. Garbage must be disposed of ______ to prevent fly breeding.
     Answer: properly


  27. Spraying of ______ and larvicides controls mosquito breeding.
     Answer: insecticides


  28. Water can be contaminated by ______ and industrial waste.
     Answer: sewage


  29. Boiling and ______ ensure safe drinking water.
     Answer: filtration


  30. Cholera is caused by the bacterium ______.
     Answer: Vibrio cholerae


  31. Dysentery causes loose stools with ______.
     Answer: blood


  32. Amoebic dysentery is caused by ______ histolytica.
     Answer: Entamoeba


  33. Hepatitis A is a ______ disease affecting the liver.
     Answer: viral


  34. Consumption of uncovered ______ food should be avoided.
     Answer: street


  35. ______ hygiene includes brushing teeth and bathing regularly.
     Answer: Personal


  36. ______ hygiene includes managing garbage and drainage systems.
     Answer: Social


  37. Houseflies sit on excreta and later contaminate ______.
     Answer: food


  38. Disease-carrying organisms are also called ______.
     Answer: carriers


  39. Covering water containers prevents mosquito ______.
     Answer: breeding


  40. Physical exercise enhances digestion and mental ______.
     Answer: alertness


  41. The presence of ______ in the nose helps filter air.
     Answer: fine hairs


  42. Mosquito nets and repellents are used to prevent ______ bites.
     Answer: mosquito


  43. Industrial ______ pollutes water bodies.
     Answer: effluents


  44. ______ helps remove larvae from stagnant water.
     Answer: Larvicides


  45. Eating meals at regular times is a part of good ______ habits.
     Answer: mealtime


  46. ______ of surroundings reduces breeding of flies and mosquitoes.
     Answer: Cleaning


  47. Plague is a disease spread by ______.
     Answer: rats


  48. Regular ______ habits help maintain digestive health.
     Answer: toilet


  49. Preventing ______ of water is key to hygiene.
     Answer: contamination


  50. Hygiene improves the overall ______ of life.
     Answer: quality

Name the Following

  1. Name the protective outer covering of the body.
     Answer: Skin


  2. Name the practice that helps to maintain health and prevent diseases.
     Answer: Hygiene


  3. Name any two disease-causing agents that may be present on the skin.
     Answer: Dirt and microorganisms


  4. Name the substance used along with water to clean the body.
     Answer: Soap


  5. Name the part of the body that should be washed before eating.
     Answer: Hands


  6. Name two problems caused by unclean hair.
     Answer: Dandruff and lice


  7. Name the oral hygiene tool used to clean teeth.
     Answer: Toothbrush


  8. Name two organs that should be cleaned regularly to avoid dust and injury.
     Answer: Eyes and ears


  9. Name the body organ that contains fine hairs to filter dust.
     Answer: Nose


  10. Name one outdoor exercise that improves circulation.
     Answer: Walking


  11. Name the two main benefits of physical exercise.
     Answer: Improved blood circulation and enhanced immunity


  12. Name the state of rest that helps repair tissues.
     Answer: Sleep


  13. Name two consequences of lack of sleep.
     Answer: Tiredness and decreased immunity


  14. Name a daily necessity for digestion and energy.
     Answer: Balanced diet


  15. Name two harmful substances to avoid for healthy living.
     Answer: Tobacco and alcohol


  16. Name one essential daily habit to maintain gut health.
     Answer: Regular toilet habits


  17. Name the type of hygiene concerned with community cleanliness.
     Answer: Social hygiene


  18. Name any two components of proper sanitation.
     Answer: Sewage disposal and garbage management


  19. Name the term for organisms that transmit diseases.
     Answer: Vectors


  20. Name a disease spread by houseflies.
     Answer: Typhoid


  21. Name two methods to control houseflies.
     Answer: Fly traps and proper garbage disposal


  22. Name a common place where mosquitoes breed.
     Answer: Stagnant water


  23. Name two diseases spread by mosquitoes.
     Answer: Malaria and dengue


  24. Name two control measures against mosquitoes.
     Answer: Mosquito nets and larvicides


  25. Name two pests that contaminate food and spread disease.
     Answer: Cockroaches and rats


  26. Name two diseases spread by rats.
     Answer: Plague and leptospirosis


  27. Name any two measures to control rats.
     Answer: Traps and sealing holes


  28. Name the main cause of water contamination.
     Answer: Sewage and industrial effluents


  29. Name three methods to make water safe for drinking.
     Answer: Filtration, boiling, and purifiers


  30. Name the bacterium that causes cholera.
     Answer: Vibrio cholerae


  31. Name the disease caused by Entamoeba histolytica.
     Answer: Amoebic dysentery


  32. Name a viral water-borne disease that affects the liver.
     Answer: Hepatitis A


  33. Name a basic preventive method for water-borne diseases.
     Answer: Drinking clean water


  34. Name a common habit that increases risk of food contamination.
     Answer: Eating uncovered street food


  35. Name any two parts of personal hygiene.
     Answer: Bathing and brushing teeth


  36. Name two examples of personal hygiene products.
     Answer: Soap and toothpaste


  37. Name a control measure used to eliminate fly larvae.
     Answer: Larvicides


  38. Name two common breeding sites for mosquitoes.
     Answer: Water tanks and clogged drains


  39. Name any two communicable diseases mentioned in the chapter.
     Answer: Cholera and malaria


  40. Name the organ where hepatitis A virus causes infection.
     Answer: Liver


  41. Name a basic method to dispose household waste.
     Answer: Garbage bins


  42. Name one common reason for diarrhoea from pest exposure.
     Answer: Contaminated food by cockroaches


  43. Name any two consequences of not maintaining hygiene.
     Answer: Infections and disease spread


  44. Name any two measures to promote social hygiene.
     Answer: Clean public places and sewage treatment


  45. Name a filter method to purify water.
     Answer: Filtration


  46. Name any one item to cover food and prevent contamination.
     Answer: Food cover or mesh lid


  47. Name one insect known to contaminate food with pathogens.
     Answer: Housefly


  48. Name a physical barrier against mosquitoes.
     Answer: Mosquito net


  49. Name the disease that causes vomiting and severe diarrhoea.
     Answer: Cholera


  50. Name the term for any condition that helps improve health and sanitation in a group.
     Answer: Social hygiene

Answer in One Word

  1. What is the practice of maintaining cleanliness to promote health?
     Answer: Hygiene


  2. What is the body’s outer protective layer?
     Answer: Skin


  3. Which cleaning agent is used during bathing?
     Answer: Soap


  4. What should be washed before meals and after using the toilet?
     Answer: Hands


  5. What problem does regular hair washing prevent?
     Answer: Dandruff


  6. What oral tool helps prevent tooth decay?
     Answer: Toothbrush


  7. What organ filters dust through fine hairs?
     Answer: Nose


  8. What should be cleaned regularly to avoid infection?
     Answer: Ears


  9. What improves blood circulation and mental alertness?
     Answer: Exercise


  10. What helps repair tissues and restore energy?
     Answer: Sleep


  11. What results from lack of sleep?
     Answer: Irritability


  12. What type of diet is essential for good health?
     Answer: Balanced


  13. What is essential to drink for preventing water-borne diseases?
     Answer: Water


  14. Name one harmful substance to avoid.
     Answer: Tobacco


  15. What type of hygiene relates to community cleanliness?
     Answer: Social


  16. What are organisms that transmit disease called?
     Answer: Vectors


  17. What vector spreads malaria and dengue?
     Answer: Mosquito


  18. What insect contaminates food with germs?
     Answer: Housefly


  19. Where do mosquitoes commonly breed?
     Answer: Water


  20. What insect is controlled using larvicides?
     Answer: Mosquito


  21. What disease is caused by Vibrio cholerae?
     Answer: Cholera


  22. What disease causes loose stools with blood?
     Answer: Dysentery


  23. What organ is affected by Hepatitis A?
     Answer: Liver


  24. What bacterial disease is spread by rats?
     Answer: Plague


  25. What insect contaminates kitchen areas?
     Answer: Cockroach


  26. What should be done with food to prevent contamination?
     Answer: Cover


  27. What is the proper way to dispose of waste?
     Answer: Dustbin


  28. What household liquid should be boiled before drinking?
     Answer: Water


  29. What do houseflies sit on before contaminating food?
     Answer: Garbage


  30. What must be sprayed to kill mosquito larvae?
     Answer: Insecticides


  31. What system must be properly maintained to ensure sanitation?
     Answer: Sewage


  32. What kind of water promotes the spread of water-borne diseases?
     Answer: Contaminated


  33. What insect is a carrier of cholera germs?
     Answer: Housefly


  34. What rodent spreads leptospirosis?
     Answer: Rat


  35. What is a major cause of water contamination?
     Answer: Sewage


  36. What is used to trap rodents?
     Answer: Trap


  37. What insect is controlled by cleaning surroundings?
     Answer: Housefly


  38. What solid material from industries contaminates water?
     Answer: Effluents


  39. What do you call uncovered food sold on roadsides?
     Answer: Streetfood


  40. What system removes household wastewater?
     Answer: Drainage


  41. What practice must follow every meal?
     Answer: Brushing


  42. What reduces risk of infections in community areas?
     Answer: Sanitation


  43. What time-related practice is essential for digestion?
     Answer: Mealtime


  44. What behavior is part of personal hygiene?
     Answer: Bathing


  45. What improves muscle strength and immunity?
     Answer: Exercise


  46. What is used at night to avoid mosquito bites?
     Answer: Net


  47. What fine structures in the nose filter air?
     Answer: Hairs


  48. What animal is known for contaminating stored food?
     Answer: Rat


  49. What process makes water safe by removing germs?
     Answer: Boiling


  50. What is the general term for germ-causing agents?
     Answer: Pathogens

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Find the Odd Man Out

  1. Soap, Toothbrush, Insecticide, Comb
     Answer: Insecticide
     Explanation: Others are used for personal hygiene; insecticide is for controlling pests.


  2. Typhoid, Cholera, Malaria, Dysentery
     Answer: Malaria
     Explanation: Malaria is spread by mosquitoes; others are spread by contaminated food or water.


  3. Hands, Ears, Skin, Shoes
     Answer: Shoes
     Explanation: Others are body parts to be cleaned for hygiene; shoes are not.


  4. Fly trap, Garbage bin, Food cover, Shampoo
     Answer: Shampoo
     Explanation: Others prevent vector-borne diseases; shampoo is for hair cleaning.


  5. Mosquito, Cockroach, Rat, Soap
     Answer: Soap
     Explanation: Others are disease vectors; soap is a cleansing agent.


  6. Brushing, Bathing, Sleeping, Smoking
     Answer: Smoking
     Explanation: Others are healthy habits; smoking is harmful.


  7. Hepatitis A, Plague, Cholera, Dysentery
     Answer: Plague
     Explanation: Plague is spread by rats; others by contaminated food or water.


  8. Stagnant water, Larvicides, Drainage, Cleaning
     Answer: Stagnant water
     Explanation: Others are used to eliminate mosquito breeding; stagnant water promotes it.


  9. Nose, Ears, Eyes, Hairbrush
     Answer: Hairbrush
     Explanation: Others are body parts to be cleaned; hairbrush is a tool.


  10. Balanced diet, Tobacco, Exercise, Rest
     Answer: Tobacco
     Explanation: Others are healthy habits; tobacco is harmful.


  11. Housefly, Mosquito, Lizard, Rat
     Answer: Lizard
     Explanation: Others are disease vectors; lizards are not common disease carriers.


  12. Boiling, Filtration, Purification, Contamination
     Answer: Contamination
     Explanation: Others are water-purifying methods; contamination pollutes water.


  13. Malaria, Dengue, Typhoid, Chikungunya
     Answer: Typhoid
     Explanation: Others are mosquito-borne; typhoid is spread by contaminated food.


  14. Soap, Comb, Earbud, Smoke
     Answer: Smoke
     Explanation: Others are used for cleanliness; smoke pollutes.


  15. Sleep, Alcohol, Exercise, Diet
     Answer: Alcohol
     Explanation: Others promote health; alcohol is harmful.


  16. Excreta, Filtration, Boiling, Chlorination
     Answer: Excreta
     Explanation: Others make water safe; excreta contaminates it.


  17. Leptospirosis, Plague, Hepatitis A, Malaria
     Answer: Hepatitis A
     Explanation: Others are spread by vectors; Hepatitis A is viral and spread through food/water.


  18. Sweating, Brushing, Washing, Bathing
     Answer: Sweating
     Explanation: Others are hygiene practices; sweating is a body function.


  19. Food, Garbage, Drainage, Stagnant Water
     Answer: Food
     Explanation: Others are hygiene hazards; food is not unless contaminated.


  20. Cleanliness, Vector control, Sanitation, Smoking
     Answer: Smoking
     Explanation: Others promote hygiene; smoking harms health.


  21. Garbage bin, Toilet, Open Drain, Water Tank
     Answer: Water Tank
     Explanation: Others are waste outlets; water tank is for clean water storage.


  22. Sleep, Irritability, Recovery, Energy
     Answer: Irritability
     Explanation: Others are benefits of sleep; irritability is due to lack of it.


  23. Water purifier, Food cover, Sewage, Soap
     Answer: Sewage
     Explanation: Others maintain hygiene; sewage can spread disease if unmanaged.


  24. Mosquito net, Insecticide, Perfume, Larvicide
     Answer: Perfume
     Explanation: Others are used to control mosquitoes; perfume is not.


  25. Germs, Pathogens, Vectors, Soap
     Answer: Soap
     Explanation: Others spread disease; soap prevents it.


  26. Physical exercise, Sports, Running, Smoking
     Answer: Smoking
     Explanation: Others promote fitness; smoking harms it.


  27. Hepatitis A, Cholera, Jaundice, Tuberculosis
     Answer: Tuberculosis
     Explanation: Others are water/food borne; TB spreads through air.


  28. Garbage, Soap, Sewage, Stagnant water
     Answer: Soap
     Explanation: Others pollute; soap cleans.


  29. Filter, Boil, Chlorinate, Clog
     Answer: Clog
     Explanation: Others purify water; clog causes blockage.


  30. Cleaning, Covering, Ignoring, Disposing
     Answer: Ignoring
     Explanation: Others are hygiene practices; ignoring is neglect.


  31. Rodents, Vectors, Carriers, Soap
     Answer: Soap
     Explanation: Others spread germs; soap removes them.


  32. Food poisoning, Typhoid, Asthma, Cholera
     Answer: Asthma
     Explanation: Others are hygiene-related diseases; asthma is respiratory.


  33. Teeth, Eyes, Hands, Stone
     Answer: Stone
     Explanation: Others require regular hygiene; stone is an object.


  34. Balanced diet, Clean water, Alcohol, Rest
     Answer: Alcohol
     Explanation: Others are good for health; alcohol is not.


  35. Waste disposal, Stagnant water, Handwashing, Personal hygiene
     Answer: Stagnant water
     Explanation: Others improve hygiene; stagnant water promotes disease.


  36. Excreta, Dirty food, Purified water, Garbage
     Answer: Purified water
     Explanation: Others cause contamination; purified water is safe.


  37. Exercise, Proper sleep, Dirty habits, Clean water
     Answer: Dirty habits
     Explanation: Others support health; dirty habits don’t.


  38. Flytrap, Mosquito net, Housefly, Comb
     Answer: Comb
     Explanation: Others control vectors; comb is for personal grooming.


  39. Vibrio cholerae, Shigella, Entamoeba, Mosquito
     Answer: Mosquito
     Explanation: Others are microorganisms; mosquito is an insect vector.


  40. Washing, Smoking, Brushing, Cleaning
     Answer: Smoking
     Explanation: Others promote hygiene; smoking does not.


  41. Clean clothes, Dirty water, Personal hygiene, Social hygiene
     Answer: Dirty water
     Explanation: Others improve health; dirty water is harmful.


  42. Garbage bin, Net, Cockroach, Rat
     Answer: Garbage bin
     Explanation: Others are pests; garbage bin is for disposal.


  43. Trap, Net, Poison, Soap
     Answer: Soap
     Explanation: Others are pest control tools; soap is for cleaning.


  44. Water filter, Water purifier, Dirty bottle, Boiling
     Answer: Dirty bottle
     Explanation: Others purify water; dirty bottle contaminates.


  45. Balanced diet, Eating junk food, Sleep, Exercise
     Answer: Eating junk food
     Explanation: Others support health; junk food harms it.


  46. Sewage, Covered food, Mosquito larvae, Garbage
     Answer: Covered food
     Explanation: Others spread disease; covered food prevents it.


  47. Comb, Earbud, Toothbrush, Cockroach
     Answer: Cockroach
     Explanation: Others are personal care items; cockroach is a pest.


  48. Hepatitis A, Boiling water, Drinking sewage, Chlorination
     Answer: Drinking sewage
     Explanation: Others make water safe; drinking sewage causes disease.


  49. Public toilet, Clean street, Covered drain, Dirty hand
     Answer: Dirty hand
     Explanation: Others are community hygiene measures; dirty hand is personal neglect.


  50. Bathing, Alcohol, Balanced diet, Rest
     Answer: Alcohol
     Explanation: Others are healthy practices; alcohol is harmful.

Match the Pair

Set 1: Match the Pairs

Column A
 A. Hygiene
 B. Skin
 C. Housefly
 D. Vibrio cholerae
 E. Boiling

Column B

  1. Bacterium causing cholera
  2. Purifies water by killing pathogens
  3. Preventive practice for health
  4. Protective covering of the body
  5. Contaminates food and spreads diseases

Correct Answers – Set 1
 A – 3
 B – 4
 C – 5
 D – 1
 E – 2

Set 2: Match the Pairs

Column A
 A. Mosquito
 B. Garbage
 C. Rest
 D. Chlorination
 E. Leptospirosis

Column B

  1. Transmitted by rats
  2. Chemical treatment of water
  3. Carrier of malaria
  4. Essential for body repair
  5. Breeding ground for flies

Correct Answers – Set 2
 A – 3
 B – 5
 C – 4
 D – 2
 E – 1

Set 3: Match the Pairs

Column A
 A. Brushing teeth
 B. Alcohol
 C. Personal hygiene
 D. Hepatitis A
 E. Open drains

Column B

  1. Unclean water disease affecting the liver
  2. Cleaning of body parts
  3. Bad for health and liver
  4. Causes foul smell and mosquito breeding
  5. Prevents tooth decay

Correct Answers – Set 3
 A – 5
 B – 3
 C – 2
 D – 1
 E – 4

Set 4: Match the Pairs

Column A
 A. Exercise
 B. Rats
 C. Soap
 D. Amoebic dysentery
 E. Water purifier

Column B

  1. Spread by Entamoeba histolytica
  2. Improves blood circulation
  3. Carrier of plague
  4. Device used to filter water
  5. Used to wash hands and body

Correct Answers – Set 4
 A – 2
 B – 3
 C – 5
 D – 1
 E – 4

Set 5: Match the Pairs

Column A
 A. Tobacco
 B. Filtration
 C. Covered food
 D. Comb
 E. Nose hairs

Column B

  1. Filters dust from inhaled air
  2. Prevents contamination
  3. Used for hair hygiene
  4. Harmful habit
  5. Method of water purification

Correct Answers – Set 5
 A – 4
 B – 5
 C – 2
 D – 3
 E – 1

Set 6: Match the Pairs

Column A
 A. Dirty hands
 B. Cockroach
 C. Balanced diet
 D. Food poisoning
 E. Toilet hygiene

Column B

  1. Caused by eating contaminated food
  2. Prevents ingestion of germs
  3. Ensures essential nutrients
  4. Common kitchen pest
  5. Wash hands after use

Correct Answers – Set 6
 A – 2
 B – 4
 C – 3
 D – 1
 E – 5

Set 7: Match the Pairs

Column A
 A. Fly trap
 B. Water tank
 C. Physical fitness
 D. Industrial effluent
 E. Open street food

Column B

  1. Causes water pollution
  2. Encouraged by exercise
  3. Must be covered to avoid mosquito breeding
  4. Risk of foodborne diseases
  5. Used to catch disease vectors

Correct Answers – Set 7
 A – 5
 B – 3
 C – 2
 D – 1
 E – 4

Set 8: Match the Pairs

Column A
 A. Eyes
 B. Pathogen
 C. Soap and water
 D. Health
 E. Contaminated water

Column B

  1. Required to clean the body
  2. May carry waterborne diseases
  3. State of complete well-being
  4. Must be cleaned regularly
  5. Disease-causing organism

Correct Answers – Set 8
 A – 4
 B – 5
 C – 1
 D – 3
 E – 2

Set 9: Match the Pairs

Column A
 A. Typhoid
 B. Plague
 C. Ears
 D. Net
 E. Insecticide

Column B

  1. Spread by rats
  2. Used to avoid mosquito bites
  3. Caused by contaminated food
  4. Applied to kill mosquitoes
  5. Should be cleaned with care

Correct Answers – Set 9
 A – 3
 B – 1
 C – 5
 D – 2
 E – 4

Set 10: Match the Pairs

Column A
 A. Hair
 B. Lice
 C. Sweating
 D. Public hygiene
 E. Germs

Column B

  1. Caused by unclean scalp
  2. Removed by bathing
  3. Secreted to regulate body temperature
  4. Involves community sanitation
  5. Microorganisms that cause illness

Correct Answers – Set 10
 A – 2
 B – 1
 C – 3
 D – 4
 E – 5

Short Answer Questions  

  1. What is hygiene?
     Hygiene refers to practices that help maintain health and prevent diseases.


  2. What does the skin protect us from?
     The skin protects us from dust, dirt, sweat, and disease-causing microorganisms.


  3. Why should we bathe daily?
     Daily bathing helps remove dirt and germs from the body.


  4. Why must hands be washed before meals?
     To prevent the ingestion of germs that may be present on the hands.


  5. How can we prevent dandruff and lice?
     By washing hair regularly with clean water.


  6. Why is brushing teeth twice daily important?
     It prevents tooth decay and bad breath.


  7. What is the function of fine hairs in the nose?
     They filter dust and microorganisms from the inhaled air.


  8. Why should eyes and ears be cleaned regularly?
     To protect them from dust, dirt, and possible infections.


  9. Name two benefits of physical exercise.
     It improves blood circulation and boosts immunity.


  10. What is the importance of sleep?
     Sleep helps in tissue repair and restoring body energy.


  11. What are the effects of lack of sleep?
     It causes tiredness, irritability, and weakens immunity.


  12. What is a balanced diet?
     A diet that contains all essential nutrients in proper proportions.


  13. Why is clean drinking water important?
     To prevent water-borne diseases like cholera and dysentery.


  14. Name two unhealthy habits.
     Consuming tobacco and alcohol.


  15. What is personal hygiene?
     Personal hygiene involves keeping the body clean and healthy.


  16. What is social hygiene?
     Social hygiene refers to cleanliness maintained by the community.


  17. How can a community maintain sanitation?
     Through proper sewage disposal, garbage management, and clean surroundings.


  18. What are vectors?
     Vectors are organisms that transmit disease-causing germs.


  19. Name two vector-borne diseases.
     Malaria and dengue.


  20. How do houseflies spread disease?
     They carry germs from garbage and excreta to food.


  21. Mention two control measures for houseflies.
     Using fly traps and covering food.


  22. How can mosquito breeding be prevented?
     By avoiding stagnant water and using larvicides.


  23. What diseases are spread by mosquitoes?
     Malaria, dengue, chikungunya, and filariasis.


  24. What are two mosquito control measures?
     Use of mosquito nets and insect repellents.


  25. Why are cockroaches harmful?
     They contaminate food and spread diarrhoea and food poisoning.


  26. Which diseases are spread by rats?
     Plague and leptospirosis.


  27. Name a control measure against rats.
     Using traps or sealing holes in buildings.


  28. What causes water contamination?
     Sewage, animal waste, and industrial effluents.


  29. How can water be made safe for drinking?
     By filtration, boiling, and using purifiers.


  30. What causes cholera?
     Cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.


  31. What are the symptoms of dysentery?
     Loose stools with blood and abdominal pain.


  32. What is the causative agent of amoebic dysentery?
     Entamoeba histolytica.


  33. Which organ is affected by Hepatitis A?
     The liver.


  34. How does Hepatitis A spread?
     Through contaminated food and water.


  35. What should be avoided to prevent food contamination?
     Eating uncovered street food.


  36. Why is sewage disposal important?
     To prevent contamination of water sources and disease spread.


  37. What is the role of handwashing in hygiene?
     It prevents the transfer of germs from hands to mouth.


  38. Why should water containers be covered?
     To prevent mosquito breeding.


  39. Name two personal hygiene habits.
     Brushing teeth and bathing.


  40. What is the benefit of regular toilet habits?
     They maintain digestive health and prevent infections.


  41. How does exercise improve immunity?
     By enhancing blood circulation and metabolic activity.


  42. What is the function of soap in hygiene?
     Soap removes dirt, oil, and microorganisms from the skin.


  43. Name one method to purify water.
     Boiling.


  44. How does sleep promote good health?
     By allowing the body to rest and repair tissues.


  45. What is the impact of dirty surroundings on health?
     They increase the risk of vector-borne and communicable diseases.


  46. What is the role of garbage bins in hygiene?
     They help in proper waste disposal and prevent pest breeding.


  47. How does social hygiene benefit the community?
     It reduces the spread of diseases and improves quality of life.


  48. Why should uncovered drains be avoided?
     They serve as breeding grounds for mosquitoes.


  49. What does personal hygiene prevent?
     It prevents infections and promotes good health.


  50. How does community sanitation prevent epidemics?
     By eliminating breeding sites for vectors and maintaining cleanliness.

Puzzles

  1. I clean your body and make you smell fresh.
     Answer: Soap


  2. I quench your thirst and must be clean to drink.
     Answer: Water


  3. I am a disease-spreading insect that loves garbage.
     Answer: Housefly


  4. I buzz, bite, and cause malaria.
     Answer: Mosquito


  5. I form when you don’t clean your scalp.
     Answer: Dandruff


  6. I restore your energy every night.
     Answer: Sleep


  7. I’m used to keep food safe from flies.
     Answer: Food cover


  8. I’m tiny, invisible, and make you sick.
     Answer: Germ


  9. I’m a daily habit that keeps diseases away.
     Answer: Hygiene


  10. I grow on fingers and trap dirt if not cut.
     Answer: Nails


  11. I am a rodent that spreads plague.
     Answer: Rat


  12. I clean teeth and should be replaced every 3 months.
     Answer: Toothbrush


  13. I keep the community clean and healthy.
     Answer: Social hygiene


  14. I cause infection and should be washed away.
     Answer: Dirt


  15. I am a disease caused by poor hygiene and contaminated water.
     Answer: Typhoid


  16. I’m a method to kill bacteria in water using heat.
     Answer: Boiling


  17. I must be done after using the toilet.
     Answer: Handwashing


  18. I trap flies near garbage.
     Answer: Fly trap


  19. I protect you from mosquito bites during sleep.
     Answer: Mosquito net


  20. I carry germs and spread diseases like cholera.
     Answer: Contaminated water


  21. I live in food, water, and on your hands—too small to see.
     Answer: Pathogen


  22. I infect your liver and spread through dirty food.
     Answer: Hepatitis A


  23. I crawl in kitchens and contaminate food.
     Answer: Cockroach


  24. I’m added to water to kill germs chemically.
     Answer: Chlorine


  25. I’m a physical activity that keeps you fit.
     Answer: Exercise


  26. I’m clear, odorless, tasteless—but deadly when dirty.
     Answer: Water


  27. I enter your food when it’s left uncovered.
     Answer: Germs


  28. I prevent mosquito breeding when placed on tanks.
     Answer: Lid


  29. I clean water without boiling, using a cartridge.
     Answer: Water purifier


  30. I trap dust in your nose.
     Answer: Nose hair


  31. I rest your body and mind.
     Answer: Sleep


  32. I sit on your food after visiting garbage.
     Answer: Housefly


  33. I smell bad and attract pests.
     Answer: Garbage


  34. I make you run to the toilet multiple times a day.
     Answer: Diarrhoea


  35. I’m a system that keeps public places clean.
     Answer: Sanitation


  36. I help clean your teeth and come in many flavours.
     Answer: Toothpaste


  37. I clean your hair and remove dandruff.
     Answer: Shampoo


  38. Only females of my kind bite and spread malaria.
     Answer: Mosquito


  39. I sweep floors and remove dirt.
     Answer: Broom


  40. I’m sprayed on water to kill mosquito larvae.
     Answer: Larvicide


  41. I fly through air when you cough or sneeze.
     Answer: Droplet


  42. I occur when your body loses too much water.
     Answer: Dehydration


  43. I’m flushed down the toilet to maintain hygiene.
     Answer: Faeces


  44. I make you weak and feverish after eating contaminated food.
     Answer: Typhoid


  45. I surround your home and must be kept clean.
     Answer: Surroundings


  46. I collect kitchen waste and must be emptied regularly.
     Answer: Dustbin


  47. I chew wires and spread deadly disease.
     Answer: Rat


  48. I result from eating infected food; symptoms include vomiting.
     Answer: Food poisoning


  49. I let you see the world but need to be kept clean.
     Answer: Eyes


  50. I’m what you suffer when you don’t follow hygiene rules.
     Answer: Infection

Difference Between:

  1. Difference between Personal hygiene and Social hygiene
    Personal Hygiene: Involves individual cleanliness practices such as bathing, brushing, handwashing, etc.
    Social Hygiene: Refers to community-level practices like sewage disposal, clean surroundings, and garbage management.

 

  1. Difference between Hygiene and Sanitation
    Hygiene: Personal and environmental practices to maintain health and prevent diseases.
    Sanitation: The infrastructure and systems used to ensure hygiene, such as sewage and waste disposal.

 

  1. Difference between Housefly and Mosquito as vectors
    Housefly: Spreads diseases by contaminating food with germs from garbage and excreta.
    Mosquito: Spreads diseases by biting and injecting pathogens directly into the bloodstream.

 

  1. Difference between Balanced diet and Junk food
    Balanced Diet: Provides all essential nutrients in correct proportions for growth and health.
    Junk Food: High in fats and sugars but low in nutrients; harmful if consumed regularly.

 

  1. Difference between Sleep and Rest
    Sleep: A natural state of body inactivity needed for repair and energy restoration.
    Rest: A period of relaxation without full sleep; gives temporary relief to body and mind.

 

  1. Difference between Clean water and Contaminated water
    Clean Water: Free from harmful germs and safe for drinking.
    Contaminated Water: Contains pathogens and pollutants, causing diseases.

 

  1. Difference between Filtration and Boiling
    Filtration: Removes physical impurities using filters or purifiers.
    Boiling: Kills microbes by heating water above 100°C.

 

  1. Difference between Physical exercise and Sedentary lifestyle
    Physical Exercise: Involves body movement that improves fitness and immunity.
    Sedentary Lifestyle: Involves minimal physical activity, leading to health problems.

 

  1. Difference between Garbage and Sewage
    Garbage: Solid waste from homes, schools, markets, etc.
    Sewage: Liquid waste that includes human excreta and wastewater.

 

  1. Difference between Typhoid and Dysentery
    Typhoid: Caused by Salmonella typhi; symptoms include high fever and weakness.
    Dysentery: Caused by Shigella or Entamoeba histolytica; symptoms include bloody diarrhoea.

 

  1. Difference between Boiling and Use of Purifiers
    Boiling: Heat treatment to kill bacteria and viruses.
    Purifiers: Mechanical or chemical devices that filter and disinfect water.

 

  1. Difference between Mosquito Net and Mosquito Repellent
    Mosquito Net: A physical barrier preventing mosquito bites during sleep.
    Mosquito Repellent: A chemical substance applied to skin or surroundings to repel mosquitoes.

 

  1. Difference between Communicable and Non-communicable diseases
    Communicable Diseases: Spread from person to person (e.g., cholera, malaria).
    Non-communicable Diseases: Do not spread; often lifestyle-based (e.g., diabetes, obesity).

 

  1. Difference between Prevention and Cure
    Prevention: Measures taken to stop diseases from occurring (e.g., hygiene, vaccination).
    Cure: Treatment given after a disease has occurred.

 

  1. Difference between Fly trap and Insecticide spray
    Fly Trap: A device to attract and trap flies without chemicals.
    Insecticide Spray: A chemical spray that kills flies and other pests.

 

  1. Difference between Open defecation and Use of Toilets
    Open Defecation: Unsanitary practice of defecating in open areas.
    Use of Toilets: Hygienic and safe disposal of human waste.

 

  1. Difference between Larvicide and Insecticide
    Larvicide: Specifically targets mosquito larvae in water.
    Insecticide: General chemical used to kill adult insects.

 

  1. Difference between Eyes and Nose in hygiene care
    Eyes: Should be cleaned and protected from dust and injury.
    Nose: Filters dust through hair and should be cleaned to prevent infection.

 

  1. Difference between Disease Carriers and Pathogens
    Disease Carriers (Vectors): Organisms like mosquitoes and flies that transmit pathogens.
    Pathogens: Microorganisms like bacteria and viruses that cause disease.

 

  1. Difference between Drinking Water Treatment and Wastewater Management
    Drinking Water Treatment: Process to make water safe for consumption.
    Wastewater Management: Treatment and disposal of used/contaminated water.

Assertion and Reason

Each question includes:

  • Assertion (A)
  • Reason (R)
  • Correct answer (Choose from: A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
     B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
     C. A is true, but R is false.
     D. A is false, but R is true.)



  1. A: Regular handwashing prevents ingestion of germs.
     R: Germs on hands can enter the body through food.
     Answer: A


  2. A: Houseflies help maintain kitchen hygiene.
     R: Houseflies transmit diseases by contaminating food.
     Answer: D


  3. A: Sleep is essential for tissue repair and energy restoration.
     R: During sleep, the body undergoes repair and healing processes.
     Answer: A


  4. A: Boiling water purifies it.
     R: Boiling kills most pathogens present in water.
     Answer: A


  5. A: Mosquitoes breed in clean flowing water.
     R: Mosquitoes need oxygen-rich water to breed.
     Answer: C


  6. A: Tobacco consumption improves digestion.
     R: Tobacco enhances appetite.
     Answer: D


  7. A: A balanced diet is essential for good health.
     R: It provides all the nutrients required by the body.
     Answer: A


  8. A: Social hygiene affects only the individual.
     R: It is concerned with personal cleanliness.
     Answer: D


  9. A: Cockroaches are responsible for food contamination.
     R: They carry disease-causing microorganisms on their body.
     Answer: A


  10. A: Covering food prevents its contamination.
     R: It keeps away flies and dust.
     Answer: A


  11. A: Lack of sleep enhances mental alertness.
     R: Sleep deprivation increases brain activity.
     Answer: D


  12. A: Clean surroundings reduce breeding of mosquitoes.
     R: Stagnant water in unclean areas provides breeding sites.
     Answer: A


  13. A: Physical exercise reduces immunity.
     R: Exercise weakens the body’s defense system.
     Answer: D


  14. A: Flies are important in transmitting foodborne diseases.
     R: They transfer germs from excreta to uncovered food.
     Answer: A


  15. A: Hepatitis A affects the lungs.
     R: It is caused by the Hepatitis A virus.
     Answer: C


  16. A: Drinking contaminated water causes cholera.
     R: Cholera is a water-borne disease.
     Answer: A


  17. A: Proper sewage disposal can prevent epidemics.
     R: Poor sanitation promotes the spread of communicable diseases.
     Answer: A


  18. A: Rest and sleep are necessary for maintaining hygiene.
     R: They help in body recovery and health maintenance.
     Answer: B


  19. A: Bathing is not necessary during winter.
     R: The body does not sweat in cold weather.
     Answer: D


  20. A: Covering water tanks prevents mosquito breeding.
     R: Mosquitoes lay eggs in stagnant open water.
     Answer: A


  21. A: Rats spread diseases like plague.
     R: They carry disease-causing pathogens.
     Answer: A


  22. A: Garbage left uncovered can attract flies and rats.
     R: Organic waste is a breeding ground for pests.
     Answer: A


  23. A: Regular brushing prevents tooth decay.
     R: It removes food particles and plaque.
     Answer: A


  24. A: Drinking untreated water is safe.
     R: It looks clean so must be germ-free.
     Answer: D


  25. A: Eyes and ears should not be cleaned regularly.
     R: Cleaning may cause infections.
     Answer: C


  26. A: Vibrio cholerae is a viral pathogen.
     R: It causes cholera.
     Answer: C


  27. A: Larvicides help in mosquito control.
     R: They kill mosquito larvae in water.
     Answer: A


  28. A: Smoking helps maintain a healthy respiratory system.
     R: It relaxes the body.
     Answer: D


  29. A: Hepatitis A is spread through contaminated food and water.
     R: It affects the liver.
     Answer: A


  30. A: Brushing once a week ensures oral hygiene.
     R: It prevents cavities.
     Answer: C


  31. A: Physical activity improves immunity.
     R: It enhances circulation and metabolic processes.
     Answer: A


  32. A: Eating street food reduces the risk of infection.
     R: Street food is often uncovered and contaminated.
     Answer: D


  33. A: Hands are major carriers of germs.
     R: They come in contact with contaminated surfaces.
     Answer: A


  34. A: Regular cleaning of surroundings is unnecessary.
     R: Germs only grow indoors.
     Answer: D


  35. A: Water can be contaminated by animal waste.
     R: Animal waste contains harmful microorganisms.
     Answer: A


  36. A: Improper sanitation may lead to spread of infectious diseases.
     R: It increases the chances of water and food contamination.
     Answer: A


  37. A: Purifiers are used to pollute water.
     R: They remove dissolved impurities.
     Answer: D


  38. A: Children need hygiene education.
     R: It builds lifelong healthy habits.
     Answer: A


  39. A: Resting after meals causes digestive problems.
     R: Body energy is needed to digest food.
     Answer: D


  40. A: Alcohol consumption improves immunity.
     R: It increases resistance to infection.
     Answer: D


  41. A: Personal hygiene includes bathing and brushing.
     R: These habits maintain cleanliness and health.
     Answer: A


  42. A: Sleeping during the day is better than at night.
     R: Body repairs occur only in daytime.
     Answer: D


  43. A: Eating junk food promotes good health.
     R: It is rich in vitamins and minerals.
     Answer: D


  44. A: Flies are mechanical vectors.
     R: They carry germs physically from one place to another.
     Answer: A


  45. A: Pathogens cannot be removed from water.
     R: Water treatment methods are ineffective.
     Answer: D


  46. A: Food left uncovered attracts pests.
     R: It becomes a source of contamination.
     Answer: A


  47. A: Cockroaches help in maintaining hygiene.
     R: They clean kitchen shelves by eating waste.
     Answer: D


  48. A: Filtration alone can remove all germs from water.
     R: Some germs may survive filtration.
     Answer: C


  49. A: Social hygiene improves individual health.
     R: A clean environment reduces disease transmission.
     Answer: A


  50. A: Hepatitis A is caused by bacteria.
     R: It is a water-borne disease.
     Answer: C

True or False

  1. Hygiene refers to practices that promote health and prevent disease.
     True


  2. The skin is not involved in protecting the body from germs.
     False


  3. Houseflies are carriers of diseases like typhoid and cholera.
     True


  4. Brushing teeth once a week is enough to maintain oral hygiene.
     False


  5. Proper sewage disposal is an important part of social hygiene.
     True


  6. Stagnant water does not pose any threat to public health.
     False


  7. Personal hygiene includes activities like bathing and handwashing.
     True


  8. Cockroaches help in maintaining cleanliness in the kitchen.
     False


  9. Sleep helps in repairing body tissues and restoring energy.
     True


  10. Dirty hands can transmit disease-causing germs into the body.
     True


  11. Balanced diet has no connection with hygiene.
     False


  12. Physical exercise improves blood circulation and immunity.
     True


  13. Mosquitoes breed only in dirty water.
     False


  14. Rats are carriers of diseases like leptospirosis and plague.
     True


  15. Tobacco and alcohol are essential for maintaining health.
     False


  16. Using fly traps and covering food helps prevent food contamination.
     True


  17. A clean and well-maintained environment reduces the spread of diseases.
     True


  18. Water can be made safe for drinking by boiling.
     True


  19. Pathogens are beneficial microorganisms found in clean water.
     False


  20. Boiling water does not help in killing germs.
     False


  21. Good hygiene reduces the chances of catching communicable diseases.
     True


  22. Entamoeba histolytica causes amoebic dysentery.
     True


  23. Poor sleep increases mental alertness.
     False


  24. Larvicides are used to kill mosquito larvae.
     True


  25. Dirty surroundings promote the breeding of vectors.
     True


  26. Germs on hands can be ingested with food and cause infections.
     True


  27. Social hygiene is only the government’s responsibility.
     False


  28. Hepatitis A affects the liver and is spread through contaminated food and water.
     True


  29. Clean clothes and trimmed nails are part of personal hygiene.
     True


  30. Keeping food uncovered prevents contamination.
     False


  31. Purified water may still carry harmful germs.
     False


  32. Smoking improves the function of the lungs.
     False


  33. Community health depends on proper sanitation.
     True


  34. Drinking water directly from open sources is always safe.
     False


  35. Flies and cockroaches are mechanical vectors.
     True


  36. Maintaining hygiene is not important if you are vaccinated.
     False


  37. Mosquito nets and repellents help in controlling vector-borne diseases.
     True


  38. Pathogens cannot be seen with the naked eye.
     True


  39. Germs cannot survive on skin or clothes.
     False


  40. Cholera is caused by a virus.
     False


  41. Proper handwashing before meals can prevent many infections.
     True


  42. Industrial effluents do not contaminate water.
     False


  43. Using a toothbrush removes food particles and prevents plaque.
     True


  44. Sleep deprivation may lead to tiredness and decreased immunity.
     True


  45. Dirty food and water are major sources of communicable diseases.
     True


  46. Breeding sites for mosquitoes include clean covered tanks.
     False


  47. Rats are harmless and should not be controlled.
     False


  48. Covered drains help reduce vector breeding.
     True


  49. Social hygiene includes keeping public places clean.
     True


  50. Ignoring hygiene does not affect community health.
     False

Long Answer Questions

  1. What is hygiene? Explain its importance.
     Answer: Hygiene refers to conditions and practices that help in maintaining health and preventing the spread of diseases. It includes personal cleanliness, safe food practices, clean surroundings, and proper sanitation. Good hygiene is important because it prevents infections, promotes overall well-being, and ensures a healthy lifestyle.


  2. Describe the role of skin in personal hygiene.
     Answer: The skin is the outermost protective layer of the body. It gets exposed to dust, dirt, sweat, and disease-causing microorganisms. If not cleaned regularly, these can lead to infections. Daily bathing with soap and water removes germs and helps maintain cleanliness, making skin care an essential part of personal hygiene.


  3. Why is it important to wash hands before eating and after using the toilet?
     Answer: Our hands come in contact with numerous contaminated surfaces, including dirt, bacteria, and viruses. If hands are not washed properly before eating or after using the toilet, germs can enter the body and cause diseases like diarrhoea, cholera, and typhoid. Proper handwashing prevents the ingestion of these harmful microorganisms.


  4. Explain the importance of brushing teeth and cleaning the oral cavity.
     Answer: Brushing teeth twice a day helps remove food particles, plaque, and bacteria from the mouth. This prevents tooth decay, gum infections, and bad breath. Maintaining oral hygiene also reduces the risk of systemic infections that may arise from bacteria entering the bloodstream through infected gums.


  5. List and explain personal hygiene practices.
     Answer: Key personal hygiene practices include:

  • Bathing daily to remove dirt and germs.
  • Brushing teeth twice daily to prevent tooth decay.
  • Washing hair regularly to prevent lice and dandruff.
  • Trimming nails to avoid accumulation of dirt and bacteria.
  • Wearing clean clothes to prevent skin infections.
  • Washing hands before eating and after toilet use to stop germ transmission.
  1. Why is hair hygiene important? How should it be maintained?
    Answer: Hair can accumulate dust, oil, and sweat, making it a breeding ground for lice and dandruff. It should be washed regularly with clean water and mild shampoo. Hair combs and brushes should be kept clean. Maintaining hair hygiene prevents scalp infections and promotes healthy hair growth.


  2. What are the benefits of regular physical exercise?
    Answer: Physical exercise improves blood circulation, strengthens muscles and joints, enhances digestion, increases immunity, and sharpens mental alertness. Activities like walking, running, and playing outdoor games keep the body active and reduce the risk of lifestyle diseases like obesity and diabetes.


  3. Why is rest and sleep necessary for the body?
    Answer: The body requires adequate rest and sleep for recovery and relaxation. During sleep, tissues repair themselves and energy is restored. Lack of sleep leads to tiredness, poor concentration, irritability, and weakened immunity. Children and teenagers especially need proper sleep for growth and development.


  4. Explain the term ‘balanced diet’. Why is it important?
    Answer: A balanced diet contains carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water in proper proportions. It supports growth, repairs tissues, strengthens the immune system, and provides energy. Eating a balanced diet ensures proper functioning of body organs and prevents nutritional deficiencies.


  5. Discuss the harmful effects of tobacco, alcohol, and drugs.
    Answer: Tobacco can cause lung diseases, cancer, and cardiovascular problems. Alcohol damages the liver, impairs judgment, and leads to addiction. Drugs harm the brain and other organs, weaken the immune system, and can lead to premature death. Avoiding these substances is essential for a healthy lifestyle.


  6. Define social hygiene. What are its main components?
    Answer: Social hygiene involves the collective responsibility of a community to maintain cleanliness and prevent disease outbreaks. Its components include proper sewage disposal, clean drinking water, waste management, hygienic public toilets, and pollution control. It plays a crucial role in promoting public health.


  7. Why is proper sewage disposal important in maintaining hygiene?
    Answer: Sewage contains harmful microorganisms and waste materials. If not disposed of properly, it contaminates water sources and leads to outbreaks of diseases like cholera and typhoid. Safe disposal through covered drains and treatment plants ensures a healthy environment and reduces disease transmission.


  8. How do vectors spread diseases? Give examples.
    Answer: Vectors are organisms like mosquitoes, houseflies, rats, and cockroaches that carry disease-causing pathogens from infected persons or waste to healthy individuals. For example, mosquitoes spread malaria, houseflies spread typhoid, and rats spread plague. Controlling vectors helps prevent epidemics.


  9. Describe the role of houseflies in spreading diseases.
    Answer: Houseflies feed on garbage and human excreta, picking up germs on their legs and mouthparts. When they sit on uncovered food, they transfer these pathogens, leading to diseases like typhoid, cholera, and dysentery. Preventive measures include covering food, proper garbage disposal, and using fly traps.


  10. How can mosquito breeding be controlled?
    Answer: Mosquito breeding can be controlled by:


  • Removing stagnant water.
  • Covering water containers.
  • Using mosquito nets and repellents.
  • Spraying insecticides and larvicides.
     These methods reduce mosquito population and prevent diseases like malaria and dengue.
  1. Name diseases caused by mosquitoes and how they spread.
    Answer: Mosquitoes spread diseases like malaria, dengue, chikungunya, and filariasis. Female mosquitoes bite infected persons and transmit the pathogens to healthy individuals through their saliva while biting. Stagnant water serves as their breeding site.


  2. Describe the harmful effects of cockroaches and rats.
    Answer: Cockroaches contaminate food with their saliva and droppings, causing food poisoning and diarrhoea. Rats spread diseases like plague and leptospirosis through their urine and bites. Both are pests that must be controlled using traps, poisons, and by maintaining cleanliness.


  3. What are the causes of water contamination?
    Answer: Water gets contaminated by human and animal waste, sewage discharge, industrial effluents, and garbage. Drinking such water leads to diseases like cholera, dysentery, and hepatitis A. Preventing water pollution is essential for safe drinking water.


  4. How can water be made safe for drinking?
    Answer: Water can be made safe by boiling, filtration, chlorination, and using purifiers. These methods remove or kill pathogens and other impurities, ensuring the water is safe for consumption and free from disease-causing germs.


  5. Write a note on cholera – its cause, symptoms, and prevention.
    Answer: Cholera is caused by Vibrio cholerae. Symptoms include vomiting, watery diarrhoea, and severe dehydration. It spreads through contaminated food and water. Prevention includes drinking clean water, proper sanitation, and maintaining personal hygiene.


  6. What is dysentery? What are its causes and symptoms?
    Answer: Dysentery is an infection of the intestines causing loose stools with blood and mucus. It is caused by bacteria like Shigella or the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. Symptoms include abdominal pain, fever, and dehydration. It spreads through contaminated food and water.


  7. Explain Hepatitis A in terms of cause, effect, and prevention.
    Answer: Hepatitis A is caused by a virus that infects the liver. It spreads through contaminated water and food. Symptoms include jaundice, fatigue, and loss of appetite. Prevention involves drinking clean water, good sanitation, and avoiding unhygienic food.


  8. How does handwashing help prevent diseases?
    Answer: Handwashing removes dirt, bacteria, and viruses that may be present on the skin. It prevents the transmission of germs through food, eyes, mouth, or nose, reducing the risk of diarrhoea, flu, and other infections.


  9. Why should uncovered street food be avoided?
    Answer: Street food is often left exposed to dust, flies, and pollution. It may be contaminated with pathogens that cause foodborne illnesses like diarrhoea, cholera, and dysentery. Consuming such food poses a serious health risk.


  10. Explain how community hygiene helps prevent disease outbreaks.
    Answer: Community hygiene ensures proper sanitation, clean public spaces, safe water supply, and controlled waste disposal. This reduces the spread of communicable diseases and supports a healthy, disease-free environment for all residents.



  1. How do garbage and sewage contribute to poor hygiene?
    Answer: Garbage and sewage, when left unmanaged, become breeding grounds for vectors like flies, mosquitoes, and rats. They contaminate water and food sources, emit foul odour, and lead to the spread of infectious diseases such as cholera, typhoid, and plague. Proper waste disposal and covered drainage are essential for hygiene.


  2. What is the role of soap and water in maintaining personal hygiene?
    Answer: Soap breaks down oils and dirt on the skin, allowing water to wash away germs effectively. Washing with soap and water removes disease-causing microorganisms from the skin, especially the hands, reducing the chances of infections spreading through touch or food.


  3. What preventive measures should be taken to maintain toilet hygiene?
    Answer: Toilets should be cleaned regularly with disinfectants, flushed after every use, and kept dry. Users must wash hands with soap after using the toilet. These practices help prevent the spread of bacteria and viruses that cause gastrointestinal infections.


  4. Why is it important to wear clean clothes?
    Answer: Clean clothes prevent the accumulation of sweat, dirt, and germs that can cause skin infections, bad odour, and itching. Wearing clean clothes also promotes self-confidence and personal hygiene, which is vital for physical and mental well-being.


  5. Explain the link between personal hygiene and disease prevention.
    Answer: Personal hygiene practices such as bathing, handwashing, oral care, and clean clothing reduce the risk of pathogens entering the body. They block transmission routes for many diseases, such as skin infections, diarrhoea, and respiratory illnesses, thus playing a crucial role in disease prevention.


  6. What steps can a community take to improve social hygiene?
    Answer: A community can improve social hygiene by providing safe drinking water, constructing proper drainage and sewage systems, conducting cleanliness drives, enforcing waste disposal laws, and educating people about hygiene practices. Community cooperation is key to public health.


  7. What are the consequences of ignoring hygiene?
    Answer: Ignoring hygiene can lead to the spread of infectious diseases, poor personal appearance, reduced social acceptance, foul body odour, and even epidemics in the community. It weakens the immune system and burdens the healthcare infrastructure.


  8. What is the role of clean water in maintaining health?
    Answer: Clean water is essential for drinking, cooking, and cleaning. It prevents water-borne diseases like cholera, hepatitis A, and dysentery. Safe water supports digestion, nutrient absorption, and overall health. Contaminated water is a major source of illness.


  9. Describe the impact of vectors on public health.
    Answer: Vectors such as mosquitoes, houseflies, cockroaches, and rats spread dangerous diseases by carrying pathogens from waste to humans. Their rapid reproduction and presence in unhygienic areas make them major threats to public health, often leading to outbreaks and fatalities.


  10. Why should water containers and tanks be kept covered?
    Answer: Open water containers provide a breeding ground for mosquitoes. Covering them prevents mosquitoes from laying eggs, thus controlling the spread of diseases like dengue and malaria. It also keeps the water free from dust and contaminants.


  11. How does regular exercise contribute to hygiene and health?
    Answer: Regular exercise increases blood circulation, promotes sweating which helps in detoxifying the body, strengthens immunity, improves digestion, and enhances mental alertness. These effects contribute to both internal cleanliness and external fitness.


  12. What is the role of education in promoting hygiene?
    Answer: Hygiene education creates awareness about the importance of cleanliness, disease prevention, and healthy habits. It empowers individuals and communities to adopt safe practices and fosters responsibility for personal and public health.


  13. Explain how sleep affects physical and mental health.
    Answer: Adequate sleep allows the body to repair tissues, build immunity, and restore energy. It supports mental clarity, mood stability, and learning. Sleep deprivation weakens the immune system, reduces concentration, and leads to emotional imbalance.


  14. How does handwashing help control epidemics?
    Answer: During outbreaks, handwashing with soap eliminates pathogens from hands, preventing their spread through contact, food, or respiratory secretions. It interrupts the transmission chain, significantly lowering infection rates in communities.


  15. What are the symptoms and prevention methods of amoebic dysentery?
    Answer: Symptoms include abdominal pain, frequent loose stools with mucus and blood, and fatigue. It is caused by Entamoeba histolytica and spreads via contaminated food and water. Prevention includes maintaining hygiene, drinking clean water, and avoiding raw, uncovered food.


  16. Why is cleanliness important in public places?
    Answer: Clean public places reduce the risk of vector breeding, prevent pollution, promote mental well-being, and reflect civic responsibility. They contribute to a healthy environment and curb the spread of diseases among people using shared spaces.


  17. List common water-borne diseases and mention their prevention.
    Answer: Common water-borne diseases include cholera, dysentery, and hepatitis A. Prevention involves drinking boiled or filtered water, maintaining sanitation, disposing of sewage properly, and avoiding consumption of uncovered or roadside food.


  18. Describe the role of proper waste disposal in maintaining hygiene.
    Answer: Proper disposal of household and industrial waste prevents accumulation of garbage that attracts flies, rats, and mosquitoes. It reduces foul smell, water and air pollution, and the spread of diseases. Segregation and regular collection are essential steps.


  19. How do unhealthy habits impact hygiene?
    Answer: Habits like smoking, drinking alcohol, consuming drugs, skipping meals, and avoiding personal cleanliness compromise the immune system, make the body prone to infections, and lower overall health and hygiene standards.


  20. What is the importance of nail hygiene?
    Answer: Fingernails can trap dirt and microbes. If not trimmed and cleaned regularly, they can transfer pathogens into the body through food or mouth contact, causing illnesses like diarrhoea. Proper nail hygiene is essential in preventing disease transmission.


  21. How is food hygiene maintained at home?
    Answer: Food hygiene involves washing hands before cooking, cleaning utensils, using fresh ingredients, cooking food properly, and storing it safely. Keeping food covered and refrigerating leftovers prevent spoilage and contamination.


  22. What makes children more vulnerable to hygiene-related diseases?
    Answer: Children have developing immune systems and often engage in activities like playing on the ground, eating with unwashed hands, or consuming street food, making them more prone to infections caused by poor hygiene.


  23. Why should hygiene be considered a lifelong habit?
    Answer: Hygiene is a continuous practice that keeps the body healthy, prevents infections, and ensures a better quality of life. Adopting hygiene from an early age leads to long-term health benefits and helps in developing a disciplined lifestyle.


  24. Explain how hygiene affects mental and emotional well-being.
    Answer: Cleanliness boosts self-esteem, social confidence, and reduces stress and anxiety. A hygienic environment promotes a sense of safety and peace, while poor hygiene can lead to shame, social isolation, and mental discomfort.


  25. Summarize the key learnings from the chapter ‘Hygiene – A Key to Healthy Life’.
    Answer: The chapter teaches the importance of personal and social hygiene, methods to maintain cleanliness, control of disease vectors, water safety, balanced diet, and healthy habits. It emphasizes that hygiene is essential for a disease-free and dignified life.

Give Reasons

  1. Give reason: We should wash our hands before eating.
     Answer: Because unwashed hands may carry germs which can enter the body with food and cause infections.


  2. Give reason: Daily bathing is necessary.
     Answer: It removes sweat, dirt, and microorganisms from the skin, maintaining cleanliness and preventing infections.


  3. Give reason: Teeth should be brushed twice daily.
     Answer: To remove food particles, prevent plaque formation, and avoid tooth decay and bad breath.


  4. Give reason: Hair should be washed regularly.
     Answer: To prevent the accumulation of dirt, dandruff, and lice which can lead to scalp infections.


  5. Give reason: Nose hairs are important for breathing.
     Answer: They filter dust and microorganisms from the air before it enters the respiratory tract.


  6. Give reason: Ears and eyes should be cleaned carefully.
     Answer: To avoid accumulation of wax and dirt which can cause infections or irritation.


  7. Give reason: Physical exercise is necessary for health.
     Answer: It improves blood circulation, boosts immunity, enhances digestion, and promotes mental alertness.


  8. Give reason: Adequate sleep is necessary for the body.
     Answer: It allows the body to repair tissues, restore energy, and maintain proper brain function and immunity.


  9. Give reason: We must avoid tobacco and alcohol.
     Answer: Because they are harmful substances that damage body organs and increase disease risk.


  10. Give reason: A balanced diet should be consumed daily.
     Answer: It provides all essential nutrients required for growth, repair, and energy.


  11. Give reason: Personal hygiene must be maintained.
     Answer: It prevents infections, promotes good health, and enhances personal appearance and confidence.


  12. Give reason: Garbage should be disposed of properly.
     Answer: Because it attracts pests like flies and rats, which can spread diseases.


  13. Give reason: Open drains are unhygienic.
     Answer: They allow breeding of mosquitoes and emit foul smell, leading to disease spread.


  14. Give reason: Social hygiene is important.
     Answer: It ensures a clean environment in the community, reducing the risk of communicable diseases.


  15. Give reason: Mosquito nets should be used while sleeping.
     Answer: To prevent mosquito bites and protect against diseases like malaria and dengue.


  16. Give reason: Houseflies are considered harmful.
     Answer: Because they carry germs from garbage and excreta to food, causing infections.


  17. Give reason: Food should always be covered.
     Answer: To prevent contamination by dust, flies, and other insects.


  18. Give reason: Cockroaches should not be allowed in the kitchen.
     Answer: Because they contaminate food and spread bacteria that cause food poisoning.


  19. Give reason: Rats are considered disease carriers.
     Answer: They spread diseases like plague and leptospirosis through their urine and bites.


  20. Give reason: Water containers should be covered.
     Answer: To prevent mosquitoes from breeding in stagnant water.


  21. Give reason: Uncovered street food should be avoided.
     Answer: Because it may be exposed to flies and dust, leading to contamination and diseases.


  22. Give reason: Larvicides are sprayed in water.
     Answer: To kill mosquito larvae and prevent the spread of mosquito-borne diseases.


  23. Give reason: Sewage must not mix with drinking water.
     Answer: It contaminates water with harmful pathogens causing diseases like cholera and dysentery.


  24. Give reason: Water should be filtered before drinking.
     Answer: To remove physical impurities and microorganisms that can cause water-borne diseases.


  25. Give reason: Boiling is a good method to purify water.
     Answer: Because it kills bacteria, viruses, and parasites present in contaminated water.


  26. Give reason: Community toilets should be cleaned regularly.
     Answer: To prevent foul odour, maintain hygiene, and stop the spread of diseases.


  27. Give reason: Stagnant water should be removed from surroundings.
     Answer: Because it serves as a breeding ground for mosquitoes.


  28. Give reason: Chlorination is used in water treatment.
     Answer: Chlorine kills harmful microorganisms, making the water safe for drinking.


  29. Give reason: Children are more vulnerable to poor hygiene.
     Answer: Because their immune systems are still developing, making them prone to infections.


  30. Give reason: Industrial waste should not be released into rivers.
     Answer: It pollutes water, harms aquatic life, and contaminates sources of drinking water.


  31. Give reason: Proper handwashing can prevent epidemics.
     Answer: It stops the spread of germs through contact, food, or surfaces, breaking the chain of infection.


  32. Give reason: Balanced hygiene improves mental well-being.
     Answer: Cleanliness enhances confidence, reduces stress, and promotes a sense of order and calm.


  33. Give reason: People should avoid spitting in public places.
     Answer: Because it spreads germs and increases the risk of airborne diseases.


  34. Give reason: Food must be cooked thoroughly.
     Answer: To kill harmful microorganisms that may be present in raw ingredients.


  35. Give reason: Nails should be trimmed regularly.
     Answer: Long nails trap dirt and germs which can enter the body and cause infections.


  36. Give reason: Clothes should be washed and worn clean.
     Answer: To remove sweat, dirt, and germs, and prevent skin infections and bad odour.


  37. Give reason: Water-borne diseases are common in monsoon.
     Answer: Because water sources often get contaminated with sewage during rains.


  38. Give reason: Drinking untreated water is risky.
     Answer: It may contain harmful bacteria, viruses, or parasites that cause serious diseases.


  39. Give reason: Students should be taught hygiene at an early age.
     Answer: So that they develop lifelong habits that protect their health and well-being.


  40. Give reason: Hand towels should be washed regularly.
     Answer: Because they can become breeding grounds for bacteria if damp and reused without cleaning.


  41. Give reason: Flies breed in garbage dumps.
     Answer: Because garbage provides food and a suitable environment for their eggs to hatch.


  42. Give reason: Clean toilets reduce disease spread.
     Answer: Because they prevent the spread of faecal-oral diseases like cholera and dysentery.


  43. Give reason: Mosquitoes spread diseases.
     Answer: They act as vectors, transmitting pathogens from infected individuals to healthy ones through bites.


  44. Give reason: Boiled food is safer than raw food.
     Answer: Because heat destroys most harmful bacteria and parasites present in raw food.


  45. Give reason: Dirty surroundings affect community health.
     Answer: They promote vector breeding and disease transmission among residents.


  46. Give reason: Clean drinking water is essential for life.
     Answer: Because contaminated water causes serious diseases and affects overall health.


  47. Give reason: Pathogens are not visible to the naked eye.
     Answer: They are microscopic organisms and require a microscope for observation.


  48. Give reason: Mosquito nets should be checked for holes.
     Answer: Holes allow mosquitoes to enter, making the net ineffective.


  49. Give reason: Social hygiene is a shared responsibility.
     Answer: Because a clean and safe environment depends on the actions of every community member.


  50. Give reason: Hygiene is called the key to a healthy life.
     Answer: Because it prevents diseases, supports overall health, and enhances quality of life.

Arrange the Words 

Case Studies

Case Study 1
 Rohan eats street food from open stalls and often skips washing his hands. Recently, he developed symptoms of vomiting and severe diarrhoea.
 Q: Which water-borne disease is he likely suffering from?
 Answer: Cholera

 

Case Study 2
 Priya lives near a stagnant pond. She keeps her windows open without using nets. She recently developed high fever and joint pain.
 Q: Which vector-borne disease might she be suffering from?
 Answer: Dengue

 

Case Study 3
 In a village, people defecate in open fields. Several residents fell ill with abdominal pain and bloody diarrhoea.
 Q: What poor hygiene practice may have caused this disease outbreak?
 Answer: Open defecation

 

Case Study 4
 Aniket covers all his food, uses fly traps at home, and ensures garbage is regularly removed.
 Q: Which vector is he primarily protecting against?
 Answer: Housefly

 

Case Study 5
 Neha always wears long sleeves and uses mosquito repellent. She also ensures there’s no stagnant water around.
 Q: What is she trying to prevent?
 Answer: Mosquito breeding and bites

 

Case Study 6
 Rahul brushes his teeth once a week and frequently complains of toothache and bad breath.
 Q: Which hygiene practice is Rahul neglecting?
 Answer: Oral hygiene

 

Case Study 7
 A school conducted an awareness campaign on using toilets and washing hands after defecation.
 Q: Which type of hygiene was promoted in this activity?
 Answer: Social hygiene

 

Case Study 8
 A city experiences flooding, and the sewage system overflows into drinking water pipes.
 Q: Name one disease likely to spread in such a situation.
 Answer: Hepatitis A

 

Case Study 9
 During summer camp, students noticed insects crawling over leftover food in the dining area. Some fell sick after eating.
 Q: Name the likely cause of food poisoning.
 Answer: Contamination by cockroaches or flies

 

Case Study 10
 Karan regularly exercises, gets 8 hours of sleep, eats healthy, and avoids junk food.
 Q: Which aspect of health is Karan focusing on?
 Answer: Personal hygiene and healthy habits

 

Case Study 11
 A city government launched a program for covered drains and regular garbage disposal.
 Q: Which type of hygiene initiative is this?
 Answer: Community sanitation

 

Case Study 12
 A health inspector finds mosquito larvae in uncovered water tanks of several homes.
 Q: What should the residents do to prevent mosquito breeding?
 Answer: Cover water tanks and apply larvicides

 

Case Study 13
 A child drinks water from an uncovered container that was not boiled or filtered. He suffers from stomach cramps.
 Q: What could have prevented his illness?
 Answer: Drinking purified or boiled water

 

Case Study 14
 Students in a class are taught the importance of trimming nails and daily bathing.
 Q: What aspect of hygiene is being emphasized?
 Answer: Personal cleanliness

 

Case Study 15
 Raj skips meals, eats a lot of oily snacks, and drinks soft drinks instead of water. He often feels tired and dull.
 Q: What dietary mistake is Raj making?
 Answer: Lack of a balanced diet

 

Case Study 16
 After a picnic in a forest area, several children complained of fever and body pain. Mosquito bites were observed.
 Q: Which disease could they be suffering from?
 Answer: Malaria

 

Case Study 17
 Despite repeated awareness drives, some families still throw waste near open drains. Flies and mosquitoes are common.
 Q: What health risk does this create for the neighbourhood?
 Answer: Spread of communicable diseases

 

Case Study 18
 Reema never cleans her ears or nose. She experiences frequent itching and minor infections.
 Q: Which hygiene area is she ignoring?
 Answer: Ear and nasal hygiene

 

Case Study 19
 After heavy rains, a town faces a sharp rise in typhoid cases. Investigation shows street food vendors used untreated water.
 Q: What was the likely source of infection?
 Answer: Contaminated water used in food preparation

 

Case Study 20
 During a science fair, students demonstrate how unwashed hands carry germs using a UV light activity.
 Q: What hygiene habit are they promoting?
 Answer: Handwashing

Numericals

Numeric problems are not available for this chapter.

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