CBSE – Grade 8 – Geography – Ch 01 – QA

Questions & Answers

CBSE - Grade - 8

Subject: Geography

Chapter - 01 - Resources

Types of Questions

MCQ

  1. Which of the following defines a resource?
     (a) Anything that has weight
     (b) Anything that can be stored
     (c) Anything that can satisfy human needs
     (d) Anything that is expensive
     Answer: (c) Anything that can satisfy human needs


  2. Which of the following gives an object the status of a resource?
     (a) Quantity
     (b) Utility
     (c) Cost
     (d) Colour
     Answer: (b) Utility


  3. What does the term “value” in context of a resource mean?
     (a) Colour
     (b) Shape
     (c) Worth
     (d) Quantity
     Answer: (c) Worth


  4. Which of the following is NOT a renewable resource?
     (a) Solar energy
     (b) Wind energy
     (c) Petroleum
     (d) Water
     Answer: (c) Petroleum


  5. Which of the following is a human-made resource?
     (a) Air
     (b) Road
     (c) Soil
     (d) Mineral
     Answer: (b) Road


  6. The most important resource is:
     (a) Land
     (b) Gold
     (c) People
     (d) Coal
     Answer: (c) People


  7. What helps in converting a substance into a resource?
     (a) Climate
     (b) Population
     (c) Time and technology
     (d) Environment
     Answer: (c) Time and technology


  8. Which one of these has non-economic value?
     (a) Gold
     (b) River water
     (c) Scenic beauty
     (d) Copper
     Answer: (c) Scenic beauty


  9. Which of these is a non-renewable resource?
     (a) Sunlight
     (b) Wind
     (c) Forest
     (d) Coal
     Answer: (d) Coal


  10. Which of these best defines “Human Resource Development”?
     (a) Reducing population
     (b) Educating and training people
     (c) Building roads
     (d) Mining minerals
     Answer: (b) Educating and training people


  11. Which of the following is NOT a natural resource?
     (a) Air
     (b) Electricity
     (c) Water
     (d) Soil
     Answer: (b) Electricity


  12. Human-made resources are made by using:
     (a) Technology and minerals
     (b) Nature and effort
     (c) Natural resources and human skill
     (d) Wind and water
     Answer: (c) Natural resources and human skill


  13. What is a patent?
     (a) A land document
     (b) The exclusive right over an idea or invention
     (c) A scientific instrument
     (d) A human right
     Answer: (b) The exclusive right over an idea or invention


  14. Which of these is an example of resource conservation?
     (a) Overusing water
     (b) Reusing old materials
     (c) Cutting trees
     (d) Burning fuel
     Answer: (b) Reusing old materials


  15. Sustainable development balances:
     (a) Development and employment
     (b) Use and conservation of resources
     (c) Growth and inflation
     (d) Technology and nature
     Answer: (b) Use and conservation of resources


  16. A good example of a human resource is:
     (a) Mountain
     (b) Farmer
     (c) Soil
     (d) River
     Answer: (b) Farmer


  17. Which is a renewable resource?
     (a) Coal
     (b) Natural gas
     (c) Solar energy
     (d) Petroleum
     Answer: (c) Solar energy


  18. What leads to unequal distribution of resources?
     (a) Same terrain
     (b) Same rainfall
     (c) Different physical factors
     (d) Universal temperature
     Answer: (c) Different physical factors


  19. What does stock of resource mean?
     (a) Quantity in market
     (b) Price of resource
     (c) Amount available for use
     (d) Waste produced
     Answer: (c) Amount available for use


  20. Which activity by children helped in conserving resources?
     (a) Buying plastic bags
     (b) Making paper bags
     (c) Wasting electricity
     (d) Playing video games
     Answer: (b) Making paper bags


  21. A river is a:
     (a) Human-made resource
     (b) Non-renewable resource
     (c) Natural resource
     (d) Technological resource
     Answer: (c) Natural resource


  22. The ability of humans to make best use of nature comes from:
     (a) Forest
     (b) Education and skill
     (c) Water
     (d) Machines
     Answer: (b) Education and skill


  23. What is the main focus of sustainable development?
     (a) Urbanisation
     (b) Agriculture
     (c) Meeting present and future needs
     (d) Industrialisation
     Answer: (c) Meeting present and future needs


  24. Human beings are called a special resource because of their:
     (a) Wealth
     (b) Skill and intelligence
     (c) Size
     (d) Strength
     Answer: (b) Skill and intelligence


  25. Which one is not essential for resource creation?
     (a) Technology
     (b) Human skill
     (c) Air
     (d) Time
     Answer: (c) Air


  26. Which is NOT a principle of sustainable development?
     (a) Respect for life
     (b) Improve quality of life
     (c) Minimise natural resource depletion
     (d) Increase deforestation
     Answer: (d) Increase deforestation


  27. Which of these statements is true?
     (a) All resources have economic value
     (b) Non-renewable resources get renewed quickly
     (c) Wind is a renewable resource
     (d) Coal is renewable
     Answer: (c) Wind is a renewable resource


  28. Which of these is created by changing natural resources?
     (a) Sunlight
     (b) Iron ore
     (c) Machines
     (d) Rivers
     Answer: (c) Machines


  29. Which is an example of overuse of renewable resource?
     (a) Planting trees
     (b) Damming rivers
     (c) Wasting water
     (d) Using solar panels
     Answer: (c) Wasting water


  30. Beautiful scenery is a resource because it has:
     (a) Cost
     (b) Utility
     (c) Colour
     (d) Size
     Answer: (b) Utility


  31. What does technology mean in the context of resources?
     (a) Costly gadgets
     (b) Scientific tools
     (c) Application of knowledge and skill
     (d) Manpower
     Answer: (c) Application of knowledge and skill


  32. What makes water a resource?
     (a) It is colourless
     (b) It is natural
     (c) It quenches thirst
     (d) It is cheap
     Answer: (c) It quenches thirst


  33. What is the meaning of sustainable use?
     (a) Use and throw
     (b) Use carelessly
     (c) Careful use for present and future
     (d) Store for future
     Answer: (c) Careful use for present and future


  34. What kind of resource is electricity generated from water?
     (a) Natural
     (b) Human-made
     (c) Non-renewable
     (d) Artificial
     Answer: (b) Human-made


  35. The invention of the wheel led to:
     (a) Cooking
     (b) Deforestation
     (c) Transportation
     (d) Hydropower
     Answer: (c) Transportation


  36. Resource conservation means:
     (a) Increasing production
     (b) Using resources carefully
     (c) Using everything
     (d) Buying more goods
     Answer: (b) Using resources carefully


  37. Which of these can be both renewable and scarce?
     (a) Air
     (b) Soil
     (c) Solar energy
     (d) Coal
     Answer: (b) Soil


  38. What kind of value does a medicinal plant have?
     (a) No value
     (b) Only emotional
     (c) Economic and utility
     (d) Non-resource value
     Answer: (c) Economic and utility


  39. What is one of the basic characteristics of a resource?
     (a) Weight
     (b) Utility
     (c) Colour
     (d) Shape
     Answer: (b) Utility


  40. Who wrote the lines “Bin paani sab soon”?
     (a) Kabir
     (b) Tulsidas
     (c) Rahim
     (d) Kalidas
     Answer: (c) Rahim


  41. A twig used to decorate a garden is an example of:
     (a) Natural resource
     (b) Resource by utility
     (c) Non-renewable resource
     (d) Wastage
     Answer: (b) Resource by utility


  42. Which of these best shows sustainable development?
     (a) Deforestation
     (b) Overfishing
     (c) Using solar cookers
     (d) Mining excessively
     Answer: (c) Using solar cookers


  43. Which among the following is NOT a function of human resources?
     (a) Creating ideas
     (b) Discovering solutions
     (c) Depleting resources
     (d) Building machines
     Answer: (c) Depleting resources


  44. What transforms cotton to cloth?
     (a) Natural growth
     (b) Machines
     (c) Value addition through human skill
     (d) Soaking in water
     Answer: (c) Value addition through human skill


  45. Example of resource with no commercial value but high importance:
     (a) Iron
     (b) Rain
     (c) Folk songs
     (d) Petrol
     Answer: (c) Folk songs


  46. A natural substance becomes a resource when:
     (a) It is seen
     (b) It has utility
     (c) It is stored
     (d) It is light
     Answer: (b) It has utility


  47. Reusing old clothes as bags shows:
     (a) Pollution
     (b) Overuse
     (c) Resourcefulness
     (d) Consumption
     Answer: (c) Resourcefulness


  48. The basic cause for scarcity of even renewable resources is:
     (a) Technology
     (b) Natural disasters
     (c) Overuse and misuse
     (d) Government laws
     Answer: (c) Overuse and misuse


  49. Which of the following has economic value?
     (a) Affection
     (b) Grandmother’s love
     (c) Gold
     (d) Forest songs
     Answer: (c) Gold


  50. The invention of fire led to:
     (a) Transportation
     (b) Use of coal
     (c) Cooking
     (d) Iron mining
     Answer: (c) Cooking

Fill in the Blanks

  1. Anything that can be used to satisfy a need is called a ______.
     Answer: resource


  2. The usefulness of a substance is known as ______.
     Answer: utility


  3. Resources have ______ when they become valuable.
     Answer: value


  4. Some resources have economic value, others have ______ value.
     Answer: non-economic


  5. Time and ______ help in transforming substances into resources.
     Answer: technology


  6. Human ideas, knowledge, inventions and discoveries create more ______.
     Answer: resources


  7. The most important resource is ______.
     Answer: human beings


  8. The air we breathe and the water we drink are examples of ______ resources.
     Answer: natural


  9. Resources directly obtained from nature are called ______ resources.
     Answer: natural


  10. Resources made by modifying natural resources are called ______ resources.
     Answer: human-made


  11. Human skill, education, and health make people a valuable ______.
     Answer: resource


  12. The process of improving people’s quality and skills is called ______.
     Answer: human resource development


  13. Renewable resources replenish themselves ______.
     Answer: quickly


  14. Wind and solar energy are examples of ______ resources.
     Answer: renewable


  15. Resources with limited stock are known as ______ resources.
     Answer: non-renewable


  16. Coal and petroleum are examples of ______ resources.
     Answer: non-renewable


  17. The distribution of resources is ______ across the Earth.
     Answer: unequal


  18. The unequal distribution of resources is due to factors like terrain, climate, and ______.
     Answer: altitude


  19. Iron ore was not a resource until people learned to extract ______ from it.
     Answer: iron


  20. Buildings, machinery, and roads are examples of ______ resources.
     Answer: human-made


  21. Applying knowledge and skill to create something useful is called ______.
     Answer: technology


  22. Resource conservation means using resources ______ and wisely.
     Answer: carefully


  23. The careful use of resources for present and future is called ______ development.
     Answer: sustainable


  24. Reusing and recycling are methods of ______ conservation.
     Answer: resource


  25. Resources like water and forests may be renewable but can become ______ if overused.
     Answer: scarce


  26. The right over an idea or invention is called a ______.
     Answer: patent


  27. Electricity generated from coal and water is a ______ resource.
     Answer: human-made


  28. Soil, sunlight, and minerals are examples of ______ resources.
     Answer: natural


  29. A beautiful landscape has ______ value but not economic value.
     Answer: aesthetic


  30. The stock of a resource means the ______ available for use.
     Answer: amount


  31. Education and ______ help in developing human resources.
     Answer: health


  32. Without utility, a thing cannot be called a ______.
     Answer: resource


  33. Using old newspapers to make bags is an example of ______.
     Answer: reuse


  34. The invention of the wheel led to the development of ______.
     Answer: transport


  35. The discovery of ______ led to cooking and food processing.
     Answer: fire


  36. The basic attribute of a resource is its ______.
     Answer: utility


  37. Affection from friends and family is a resource with ______ value.
     Answer: non-economic


  38. A good singing voice is an example of a ______ resource.
     Answer: human


  39. Roads and bridges are examples of ______ resources.
     Answer: human-made


  40. Crops depend on natural resources like land, water, and ______.
     Answer: sunlight


  41. Human resource includes both quantity and ______ of population.
     Answer: quality


  42. The use of fast-flowing water to produce electricity is an example of ______.
     Answer: hydroelectricity


  43. Overuse of soil can lead to its ______.
     Answer: degradation


  44. Using resources without care can cause environmental ______.
     Answer: damage


  45. Conservation of resources ensures ______ for future generations.
     Answer: availability


  46. Farmers, scientists, and teachers are part of ______ resources.
     Answer: human


  47. Electricity and vehicles are examples of ______ resources.
     Answer: human-made


  48. Forests and rivers are part of ______ resources.
     Answer: natural


  49. Overuse of renewable resources may result in their ______.
     Answer: exhaustion


  50. The future of our planet depends on how we ______ resources.
     Answer: use and conserve

Name the Following

  1. Name the substance that satisfies human needs and has utility.
     Answer: Resource


  2. Name the term for usefulness of a resource.
     Answer: Utility


  3. Name the quality that gives a resource its worth.
     Answer: Value


  4. Name the most important resource of all.
     Answer: Human beings


  5. Name the two factors that help convert substances into resources.
     Answer: Time and technology


  6. Name the process of improving people’s skills and education.
     Answer: Human resource development


  7. Name any two renewable resources.
     Answer: Solar energy and wind energy


  8. Name any two non-renewable resources.
     Answer: Coal and petroleum


  9. Name a natural resource used in making iron.
     Answer: Iron ore


  10. Name the resource used for generating hydroelectricity.
     Answer: Fast-flowing water


  11. Name the rights given over an idea or invention.
     Answer: Patent


  12. Name the resource that is a gift of nature and used without modification.
     Answer: Natural resource


  13. Name any two human-made resources.
     Answer: Buildings and machines


  14. Name the type of resource created by applying human skill to nature.
     Answer: Human-made resource


  15. Name the resource developed through education and training.
     Answer: Human resource


  16. Name any two resources with non-economic value.
     Answer: Beautiful scenery and affection


  17. Name any two resources with economic value.
     Answer: Metals and minerals


  18. Name any two human activities that help in conservation of resources.
     Answer: Recycling and reusing


  19. Name the energy resource that is inexhaustible.
     Answer: Solar energy


  20. Name a natural resource required by all living beings.
     Answer: Water


  21. Name a fossil fuel used for cooking and heating.
     Answer: Natural gas


  22. Name the process of using resources carefully and wisely.
     Answer: Resource conservation


  23. Name the concept that ensures needs of present and future generations.
     Answer: Sustainable development


  24. Name any two factors affecting distribution of resources.
     Answer: Terrain and climate


  25. Name the renewable resource that can become scarce due to overuse.
     Answer: Water


  26. Name two natural resources used in agriculture.
     Answer: Soil and sunlight


  27. Name one human-made resource used in transportation.
     Answer: Vehicles


  28. Name one resource that became important due to discovery of fire.
     Answer: Cooking


  29. Name one invention that led to the development of transportation.
     Answer: Wheel


  30. Name two forms of resource utility shown by children in the story.
     Answer: Reusing old clothes and recycling newspapers


  31. Name any one factor responsible for uneven distribution of resources.
     Answer: Altitude


  32. Name any one human activity that harms natural resources.
     Answer: Deforestation


  33. Name one way students can help conserve paper.
     Answer: Avoid wasting paper


  34. Name the process through which humans change raw materials into useful forms.
     Answer: Manufacturing


  35. Name the person who wrote “Bin paani sab soon.”
     Answer: Abdur Rahim Khankhana


  36. Name any two physical factors influencing natural resource distribution.
     Answer: Climate and terrain


  37. Name any two ways to prevent depletion of renewable resources.
     Answer: Reduce usage and recycle waste


  38. Name one human-made resource found in every school.
     Answer: Blackboard (or desks/machines)


  39. Name one use of fast wind in prehistoric times.
     Answer: Flying kites or rotating primitive windmills (Acceptable: Generating movement or signal)


  40. Name one modern use of wind as a resource.
     Answer: Wind energy generation


  41. Name the type of resource that includes ideas, knowledge, and skills.
     Answer: Human resource


  42. Name one example of resourcefulness shown by the children in the chapter.
     Answer: Making bags from waste materials


  43. Name one renewable resource that can be affected by deforestation.
     Answer: Forests


  44. Name any one human-made structure mentioned in the chapter.
     Answer: Roads


  45. Name one non-living natural resource.
     Answer: Air


  46. Name one living natural resource.
     Answer: Forests


  47. Name a recyclable material mentioned in the chapter.
     Answer: Old newspaper


  48. Name one traditional knowledge system with potential economic value.
     Answer: Grandmother’s home remedies


  49. Name any one responsibility of individuals towards sustainable development.
     Answer: Reducing consumption


  50. Name any one action that can lead to resource conservation at home.
     Answer: Turning off unused lights

Answer in One Word

  1. What is anything that satisfies human needs called?
     Answer: Resource


  2. What gives a substance its usefulness?
     Answer: Utility


  3. What is the worth of a resource known as?
     Answer: Value


  4. What is the most important resource on Earth?
     Answer: Humans


  5. What transforms substances into resources along with time?
     Answer: Technology


  6. What do you call people with education and skills?
     Answer: Resource


  7. What resource is directly obtained from nature?
     Answer: Natural


  8. What type of resource is created by humans?
     Answer: Human-made


  9. What is the process of improving people’s skills?
     Answer: Development


  10. What type of resource gets replenished naturally?
     Answer: Renewable


  11. What type of resource is coal?
     Answer: Non-renewable


  12. What resource is sunlight?
     Answer: Renewable


  13. What is the right over an invention called?
     Answer: Patent


  14. What form of energy is obtained from fast-flowing water?
     Answer: Hydroelectricity


  15. What is the use of resources without wastage called?
     Answer: Conservation


  16. What is the balance between use and preservation of resources called?
     Answer: Sustainability


  17. What is the natural resource used in hydroelectric plants?
     Answer: Water


  18. What makes human beings special among all resources?
     Answer: Intelligence


  19. What non-renewable resource is used for fuel?
     Answer: Petroleum


  20. What do you call the supply or reserve of a resource?
     Answer: Stock


  21. What do machines, tools, and buildings represent?
     Answer: Resources


  22. What makes natural resources usable?
     Answer: Skill


  23. What type of value does beautiful scenery have?
     Answer: Aesthetic


  24. What is required for human resource development?
     Answer: Education


  25. What is the term for the availability of resources across regions?
     Answer: Distribution


  26. What causes uneven distribution of resources?
     Answer: Climate


  27. What energy source is constant and comes from the sun?
     Answer: Solar


  28. What do you call the action of using something again?
     Answer: Reuse


  29. What is a human-made resource used in transportation?
     Answer: Vehicle


  30. What natural gift supports all life?
     Answer: Water


  31. What discovery led to cooking and warmth?
     Answer: Fire


  32. What invention helped in the development of transport?
     Answer: Wheel


  33. What do you call the ability to create new things?
     Answer: Innovation


  34. What helps make human life better through knowledge?
     Answer: Education


  35. What is the key factor in transforming potential into resource?
     Answer: Utility


  36. What do you call things like affection and kindness?
     Answer: Non-material


  37. What is the source of wind energy?
     Answer: Wind


  38. What form of development meets present and future needs?
     Answer: Sustainable


  39. What is the main cause of resource scarcity?
     Answer: Overuse


  40. What term means using less to save resources?
     Answer: Reduce


  41. What process turns waste materials into useful items?
     Answer: Recycling


  42. What enables people to solve problems?
     Answer: Knowledge


  43. What does a folk song represent in terms of resource type?
     Answer: Cultural


  44. What kind of energy is wind considered?
     Answer: Renewable


  45. What kind of value does iron ore have?
     Answer: Economic


  46. What is the human-made resource found in every classroom?
     Answer: Blackboard


  47. What do you call the quality of being useful?
     Answer: Utility


  48. What does a healthy environment contribute to?
     Answer: Sustainability


  49. What do fast winds in prehistoric times represent?
     Answer: Resource


  50. What type of resource is created through discovery?
     Answer: Human-made

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Find the Odd Man Out

  1. Coal, Petroleum, Solar Energy, Natural Gas
     Answer: Solar Energy
     Explanation: It is renewable, others are non-renewable.


  2. Road, Bridge, Machine, River
     Answer: River
     Explanation: It is a natural resource, others are human-made.


  3. Intelligence, Knowledge, Technology, Coal
     Answer: Coal
     Explanation: It is a natural resource, others are human resources or human-made.


  4. Air, Water, Forest, Building
     Answer: Building
     Explanation: It is human-made, others are natural.


  5. Reuse, Reduce, Recycle, Burn
     Answer: Burn
     Explanation: It harms the environment, others help conserve it.


  6. Farmer, Teacher, Scientist, Soil
     Answer: Soil
     Explanation: It is a natural resource, others are human resources.


  7. Time, Technology, Utility, Forest
     Answer: Forest
     Explanation: It is a physical resource, others are factors making a resource.


  8. Cotton, Coal, Iron Ore, Road
     Answer: Road
     Explanation: It is human-made, others are natural resources.


  9. Affection, Family, Machinery, Friendship
     Answer: Machinery
     Explanation: It is a material/human-made resource, others are non-material.


  10. Wheat, Rice, Gold, Barley
     Answer: Gold
     Explanation: It is a mineral, others are agricultural resources.


  11. Water, Soil, Coal, House
     Answer: House
     Explanation: It is a human-made structure, others are natural resources.


  12. Solar Energy, Wind, Petroleum, Biomass
     Answer: Petroleum
     Explanation: It is non-renewable, others are renewable.


  13. Doctor, Engineer, Mountain, Teacher
     Answer: Mountain
     Explanation: It is a natural feature, others are human resources.


  14. Water, Air, Plastic, Minerals
     Answer: Plastic
     Explanation: It is human-made, others are natural resources.


  15. Patent, Idea, Skill, Gold
     Answer: Gold
     Explanation: It is a material resource, others are intangible/human-based.


  16. Knowledge, Invention, Education, Coal
     Answer: Coal
     Explanation: It is natural, others are human-generated.


  17. Truck, Train, Windmill, Soil
     Answer: Soil
     Explanation: It is natural, others are human-made transport/tools.


  18. School, Hospital, Library, River
     Answer: River
     Explanation: It is a natural resource, others are human-made institutions.


  19. Fire, Cooking, Discovery, Paper
     Answer: Paper
     Explanation: Others are outcomes of discovery or invention.


  20. Folk Songs, Technology, Intelligence, Skills
     Answer: Technology
     Explanation: It is a product, others are human qualities.


  21. Wind, Coal, Petroleum, Natural Gas
     Answer: Wind
     Explanation: It is renewable, others are fossil fuels.


  22. Wheel, Fire, Forest, Tools
     Answer: Forest
     Explanation: It is a natural resource, others are human discoveries/inventions.


  23. Water, Cotton, Factory, Iron
     Answer: Factory
     Explanation: It is human-made, others are natural.


  24. Clean Environment, Gold, Good Weather, Love
     Answer: Gold
     Explanation: It has economic value, others have non-economic value.


  25. Desert, Hill, Plateau, Vehicle
     Answer: Vehicle
     Explanation: It is human-made, others are landforms.


  26. Old Clothes, Bamboo Sticks, Shopping Bags, Copper
     Answer: Copper
     Explanation: It is a mineral, others were reused in the story.


  27. Education, Soil, Health, Skills
     Answer: Soil
     Explanation: It is natural, others improve human resources.


  28. Tree, Air, Computer, Water
     Answer: Computer
     Explanation: It is human-made, others are natural.


  29. Sunshine, Hydroelectricity, Tidal Energy, Petroleum
     Answer: Petroleum
     Explanation: It is non-renewable, others are renewable energies.


  30. Landscape, Machinery, River, Soil
     Answer: Machinery
     Explanation: It is human-made, others are natural.


  31. Iron, Copper, Cotton, Aluminium
     Answer: Cotton
     Explanation: It is an agricultural product, others are minerals.


  32. Bridge, Road, Intelligence, Building
     Answer: Intelligence
     Explanation: It is a human quality, others are structures.


  33. Technology, Fire, Wheel, Affection
     Answer: Affection
     Explanation: It is a human emotion, others are inventions.


  34. Fish, Petrol, Sunlight, Wind
     Answer: Petrol
     Explanation: It is non-renewable, others are renewable.


  35. Bamboo, Newspaper, Bag, Diamond
     Answer: Diamond
     Explanation: It is not used in reuse activity; others were reused.


  36. Singing Voice, Affection, Coal, Folk Songs
     Answer: Coal
     Explanation: It has commercial value, others do not.


  37. Teacher, Factory, Doctor, Engineer
     Answer: Factory
     Explanation: It is a structure, others are human resources.


  38. Soil, Stone, Copper, Chalkboard
     Answer: Chalkboard
     Explanation: It is a human-made educational tool, others are natural.


  39. Tree, Waterfall, Air, Computer
     Answer: Computer
     Explanation: It is a human-made resource.


  40. Water, Rice, Cotton, Bridge
     Answer: Bridge
     Explanation: It is not a natural resource.


  41. Coal, Petroleum, Road, Natural Gas
     Answer: Road
     Explanation: It is not a fossil fuel.


  42. Scientist, Knowledge, Skill, River
     Answer: River
     Explanation: It is a natural resource, others are human-related.


  43. Deforestation, Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
     Answer: Deforestation
     Explanation: It harms the environment; others conserve it.


  44. Road, Machine, Vehicle, Forest
     Answer: Forest
     Explanation: It is natural, others are man-made.


  45. Books, Combs, Foodgrains, Oxygen
     Answer: Oxygen
     Explanation: It is not an object found in a household setup.


  46. Gold, Wind, Sun, Water
     Answer: Gold
     Explanation: It is non-renewable, others are renewable.


  47. Newspaper, Old Clothes, Plastic, Bamboo Stick
     Answer: Plastic
     Explanation: Others were reused in the story.


  48. Mountains, Valleys, Deserts, Factories
     Answer: Factories
     Explanation: It is man-made, others are landforms.


  49. Tidal Energy, Hydroelectricity, Coal, Geothermal Energy
     Answer: Coal
     Explanation: It is non-renewable, others are renewable.


  50. Idea, Invention, Skill, Metal
     Answer: Metal
     Explanation: It is physical, others are intellectual resources.

Match the Pair

Set 1 – Match the Pairs

Column A

  1. Renewable resource
  2. Human-made resource
  3. Patent
  4. Iron ore
  5. Utility

Column B
 a. Usefulness of a thing
 b. Solar energy
 c. Exclusive right over an invention
 d. Raw material for steel
 e. Building

Correct Answers – Set 1
 1 – b
 2 – e
 3 – c
 4 – d
 5 – a

Set 2 – Match the Pairs

Column A

  1. Non-renewable resource
  2. Water
  3. People with skill
  4. Fire
  5. Knowledge

Column B
 a. Discovery that led to cooking
 b. Human resource
 c. Essential for life
 d. Coal
 e. Helps create new resources

Correct Answers – Set 2
 1 – d
 2 – c
 3 – b
 4 – a
 5 – e

Set 3 – Match the Pairs

Column A

  1. Road
  2. Affection
  3. Recycle
  4. Gold
  5. Sustainable development

Column B
 a. Use old materials again
 b. Non-renewable resource
 c. Human-made resource
 d. Future-friendly development
 e. Emotional value

Correct Answers – Set 3
 1 – c
 2 – e
 3 – a
 4 – b
 5 – d

Set 4 – Match the Pairs

Column A

  1. Soil
  2. Reduce
  3. Resource conservation
  4. Teacher
  5. Forest

Column B
 a. Natural renewable resource
 b. Save resources for future
 c. Use less to avoid waste
 d. Human resource
 e. Source of oxygen and wood

Correct Answers – Set 4
 1 – a
 2 – c
 3 – b
 4 – d
 5 – e

Set 5 – Match the Pairs

Column A

  1. Minerals
  2. Plastic
  3. Invention of wheel
  4. Factory
  5. Intelligence

Column B
 a. Human quality
 b. Transport revolution
 c. Made from chemicals
 d. Natural non-renewable resource
 e. Human-made resource

Correct Answers – Set 5
 1 – d
 2 – c
 3 – b
 4 – e
 5 – a

Set 6 – Match the Pairs

Column A

  1. Medical knowledge
  2. Natural gas
  3. Tree
  4. Skills
  5. Tidal energy

Column B
 a. Renewable energy source
 b. Example of human resource
 c. Renewable but exhaustible
 d. Non-renewable fossil fuel
 e. Helps in treatment and care

Correct Answers – Set 6
 1 – e
 2 – d
 3 – c
 4 – b
 5 – a

Set 7 – Match the Pairs

Column A

  1. Hydroelectricity
  2. Paper
  3. Bamboo sticks
  4. Human resource development
  5. Mountains

Column B
 a. Used to make eco-friendly baskets
 b. Requires education and training
 c. Made from trees
 d. Source of water and minerals
 e. Energy from water flow

Correct Answers – Set 7
 1 – e
 2 – c
 3 – a
 4 – b
 5 – d

Set 8 – Match the Pairs

Column A

  1. Resource
  2. Value
  3. Scientist
  4. Wind energy
  5. Aluminium

Column B
 a. Renewable and clean
 b. Economic worth
 c. Human resource
 d. Natural metal resource
 e. Satisfies human need

Correct Answers – Set 8
 1 – e
 2 – b
 3 – c
 4 – a
 5 – d

Set 9 – Match the Pairs

Column A

  1. Patent
  2. Education
  3. Reuse
  4. Desert
  5. Petroleum

Column B
 a. Used again for another purpose
 b. Improves human resource
 c. Non-renewable resource
 d. Uneven resource distribution
 e. Legal right on invention

Correct Answers – Set 9
 1 – e
 2 – b
 3 – a
 4 – d
 5 – c

Set 10 – Match the Pairs

Column A

  1. Cotton cloth
  2. Forests
  3. Paper bag
  4. Resourceful children
  5. Respect for all life

Column B
 a. Renewable resource
 b. Sustainable principle
 c. Reused material
 d. Human-made from natural resource
 e. Conservation through action

Correct Answers – Set 10
 1 – d
 2 – a
 3 – c
 4 – e
 5 – b

Short Answer Questions  

  1. What is a resource?
     Answer: Anything that can be used to satisfy human needs is called a resource.


  2. Define utility.
     Answer: Utility means the usefulness of an object or substance.


  3. What is meant by value in terms of resources?
     Answer: Value means the worth of a resource, which can be economic or non-economic.


  4. What are natural resources?
     Answer: Resources obtained directly from nature and used without much modification.


  5. Name two examples of human-made resources.
     Answer: Buildings and machines.


  6. What are renewable resources?
     Answer: Resources that can be renewed or replenished naturally over time.


  7. Give two examples of renewable resources.
     Answer: Solar energy and wind energy.


  8. What are non-renewable resources?
     Answer: Resources that have a limited stock and take thousands of years to replenish.


  9. Give two examples of non-renewable resources.
     Answer: Coal and petroleum.


  10. What are human resources?
     Answer: People with skills, knowledge, and ability to create and use resources.


  11. What is human resource development?
     Answer: The process of improving the quality of people’s skills through education and training.


  12. Mention one factor that affects the distribution of natural resources.
     Answer: Climate.


  13. How is water a resource?
     Answer: Water satisfies the need for drinking, irrigation, and domestic use, thus having utility.


  14. How is technology a resource?
     Answer: It is created by humans to transform natural substances into useful products.


  15. What does resource conservation mean?
     Answer: Using resources wisely and allowing them time to replenish.


  16. What is sustainable development?
     Answer: Development that meets present needs without compromising future generations.


  17. How can we conserve resources at home?
     Answer: By reducing wastage, recycling, and using energy-efficient devices.


  18. What is a patent?
     Answer: A legal right over an idea or invention.


  19. Why is coal considered a non-renewable resource?
     Answer: Because it takes millions of years to form and cannot be replenished quickly.


  20. What do you mean by the stock of a resource?
     Answer: The total amount of a resource available for use.


  21. Name a discovery that led to the invention of cooking.
     Answer: Discovery of fire.


  22. What did the invention of the wheel lead to?
     Answer: The development of modern modes of transport.


  23. Give an example of a resource with no economic value.
     Answer: Beautiful scenery.


  24. What makes human beings a special resource?
     Answer: Their intelligence, skill, and ability to create and use other resources.


  25. How can education improve human resources?
     Answer: It enhances knowledge, skill, and productivity.


  26. Why are human beings interdependent?
     Answer: They rely on each other’s skills and services, like food from farmers and advice from scientists.


  27. Give one example of using natural resources to make a human-made resource.
     Answer: Iron ore is used to make machinery.


  28. Mention a household item that can be reused to conserve resources.
     Answer: Old newspapers can be reused to make paper bags.


  29. Name a natural resource essential for hydroelectricity.
     Answer: Flowing water.


  30. What do you understand by the term ‘reuse’?
     Answer: Using an item again instead of discarding it.


  31. Why is solar energy considered a renewable resource?
     Answer: Because it is naturally available and cannot be exhausted by human use.


  32. What does the term ‘recycling’ mean?
     Answer: Converting waste materials into reusable products.


  33. How can school children help conserve resources?
     Answer: By saving electricity, water, and using paper wisely.


  34. What is the importance of forests as a resource?
     Answer: Forests provide wood, oxygen, and maintain ecological balance.


  35. Why are resources unequally distributed on the Earth?
     Answer: Because of variations in physical factors like terrain, climate, and altitude.


  36. What is the role of a scientist in resource development?
     Answer: Scientists innovate and find efficient ways to use or create resources.


  37. Mention one intangible human resource.
     Answer: Intelligence.


  38. Give one way to ensure sustainable use of paper.
     Answer: Use both sides of the paper while writing.


  39. How are bamboo sticks used in resource conservation?
     Answer: For making eco-friendly baskets and craft items.


  40. Name two renewable but exhaustible resources.
     Answer: Water and forest.


  41. Why should electricity not be wasted?
     Answer: Because generating electricity consumes valuable natural resources like coal and water.


  42. Mention one activity from the chapter that reflects resource conservation.
     Answer: Making paper bags from old newspapers.


  43. What is the economic value of metals?
     Answer: They can be sold and used to manufacture goods, contributing to the economy.


  44. Give one reason why petroleum must be conserved.
     Answer: It is non-renewable and takes millions of years to form.


  45. Name one example where knowledge transformed a material into a resource.
     Answer: Using medicinal plants to create medicines.


  46. Why is reducing consumption important?
     Answer: To ensure resources last longer and reduce environmental damage.


  47. What kind of resource is a school building?
     Answer: Human-made resource.


  48. Mention one principle of sustainable development.
     Answer: Respect and care for all forms of life.


  49. What is the function of education in human resource development?
     Answer: It builds capacity and empowers people to create and manage resources.


  50. Why is the concept of value important in defining resources?
     Answer: Because a thing becomes a resource only when it is valued for its utility.

Puzzles

  1. I am invisible but essential. You breathe me every moment. What am I?
     Answer: Air


  2. I fall from the sky, flow in rivers, and quench your thirst. Who am I?
     Answer: Water


  3. Without me, there’s no power. I’m made from coal or falling water. What am I?
     Answer: Electricity


  4. I am created by humans from stone, cement, and steel. I help you cross rivers. What am I?
     Answer: Bridge


  5. I shine all day, never get tired, and power your solar panels. Who am I?
     Answer: Sunlight


  6. I take millions of years to form, burn bright, and pollute the air. What am I?
     Answer: Coal


  7. You cannot touch me, but I help you learn and grow. What am I?
     Answer: Knowledge


  8. I am a legal shield for your idea or invention. What am I?
     Answer: Patent


  9. I come in gusts, turn turbines, and help generate power. Who am I?
     Answer: Wind


  10. I am cut down to make paper. What am I?
     Answer: Tree


  11. Use me once, I help you shop. Throw me, I pollute. What am I?
     Answer: Plastic Bag


  12. I was discovered before the wheel and helped you cook. What am I?
     Answer: Fire


  13. I was invented later and helped you move faster. What am I?
     Answer: Wheel


  14. You sit on me in school, I’m made by people. What am I?
     Answer: Bench


  15. I help protect you from rain, I am built, not grown. What am I?
     Answer: House


  16. I provide wood, oxygen, and shelter to animals. Who am I?
     Answer: Forest


  17. I run deep underground, can be pumped out, and irrigate fields. What am I?
     Answer: Groundwater


  18. I am a natural metallic resource used in machines. What am I?
     Answer: Iron


  19. I was once useless, now I power your vehicles. Who am I?
     Answer: Petroleum


  20. I’m the force behind turning wheels on roads. What am I?
     Answer: Fuel


  21. I am a person, not a thing, but I help create all resources. Who am I?
     Answer: Human


  22. Reuse, Reduce, and Recycle are my siblings. Who am I?
     Answer: Resource Conservation


  23. I mean using today without stealing from tomorrow. What am I?
     Answer: Sustainable Development


  24. I’m present in old songs and traditions, I carry culture. What am I?
     Answer: Folk songs


  25. I’m not seen, but when shared, I strengthen society. What am I?
     Answer: Affection


  26. My energy is found near seas and moon affects me. What am I?
     Answer: Tidal Energy


  27. You eat me, grow me on land, and I need water. What am I?
     Answer: Crop


  28. I power machines, come from natural gas, and light homes. What am I?
     Answer: LPG


  29. I fall as rain, flow as river, and freeze as ice. What am I?
     Answer: Water


  30. I’m the sum of usable things around you. What am I?
     Answer: Resource


  31. I’m a quality; when people have me, they’re valuable. What am I?
     Answer: Skill


  32. I form the base of sustainable living, help in waste reduction. What am I?
     Answer: Recycling


  33. Without me, no crops grow, and deserts spread. What am I?
     Answer: Soil


  34. My spark led to a cooking revolution. Who am I?
     Answer: Fire


  35. I am the human effort to better skills and knowledge. What am I?
     Answer: Human Resource Development


  36. I am found in deserts, yet valuable underground. What am I?
     Answer: Mineral


  37. I am made by mixing natural resources to help transport. What am I?
     Answer: Road


  38. I’m the opposite of use, yet essential for saving. What am I?
     Answer: Conservation


  39. My flow powers cities, I fall from mountains. What am I?
     Answer: River


  40. I am formed over millennia from marine remains. What am I?
     Answer: Fossil Fuel


  41. I hold no weight in economy but bring joy and unity. What am I?
     Answer: Cultural Value


  42. I protect inventions and reward creativity. What am I?
     Answer: Patent


  43. I am your skillful guide in school. Who am I?
     Answer: Teacher


  44. I’m planted today, and grow into a renewable resource. What am I?
     Answer: Tree


  45. I cause harm when overused, yet needed for machines. What am I?
     Answer: Oil


  46. I can be conserved by switching off unused lights. What am I?
     Answer: Electricity


  47. I represent physical features like hills and plateaus. What am I?
     Answer: Terrain


  48. I am something people can’t see, but need to survive emotionally. What am I?
     Answer: Love


  49. You find me in computers, vehicles, and cans. What am I?
     Answer: Aluminium


  50. You write on me, but overusing me harms forests. What am I?
     Answer: Paper

Difference Between:

  1. Difference between Renewable and Non-renewable Resources
     Answer:
  • Renewable Resources: Replenish naturally and quickly (e.g., solar energy, wind).
  • Non-renewable Resources: Limited in stock; take millions of years to form (e.g., coal, petroleum).



  1. Difference between Natural and Human-made Resources
    Answer:
  • Natural Resources: Obtained from nature without modification (e.g., water, soil).
  • Human-made Resources: Created by modifying natural resources (e.g., buildings, machines).



  1. Difference between Human Resource and Human-made Resource
    Answer:
  • Human Resource: People with knowledge and skills (e.g., teacher, doctor).
  • Human-made Resource: Objects made by humans using natural materials (e.g., road, vehicle).



  1. Difference between Utility and Value
    Answer:
  • Utility: Usefulness of a resource.
  • Value: Worth (economic or non-economic) derived from utility.



  1. Difference between Resources with Economic and Non-economic Value
    Answer:
  • Economic Value: Can be bought/sold (e.g., gold, petrol).
  • Non-economic Value: Cannot be sold but is important (e.g., affection, scenic beauty).



  1. Difference between Reuse and Recycle
    Answer:
  • Reuse: Using a resource again without processing (e.g., using old jars for storage).
  • Recycle: Processing waste to make new products (e.g., melting plastic to make new items).



  1. Difference between Sustainable and Unsustainable Development
    Answer:
  • Sustainable Development: Uses resources wisely without harming future needs.
  • Unsustainable Development: Exploits resources carelessly, causing long-term damage.



  1. Difference between Stock and Resource
    Answer:
  • Stock: Total amount of material available in nature.
  • Resource: Part of stock that has utility and can be used.



  1. Difference between Patent and Technology
    Answer:
  • Patent: Legal right over an invention or idea.
  • Technology: Application of knowledge and skill to create or improve resources.



  1. Difference between Developed and Potential Resource
    Answer:
  • Developed Resource: Fully identified and in use.
  • Potential Resource: Exists but not yet used due to lack of technology or need.



  1. Difference between Solar and Coal Energy
    Answer:
  • Solar Energy: Renewable and non-polluting.
  • Coal Energy: Non-renewable and polluting.



  1. Difference between Resources and Raw Materials
    Answer:
  • Resources: Useful materials that satisfy needs.
  • Raw Materials: Natural substances used to make human-made goods.



  1. Difference between Man-made and Natural Resources in Utility
    Answer:
  • Man-made: Utility is created through skill and effort (e.g., machines).
  • Natural: Utility exists inherently or through minimal effort (e.g., rivers).



  1. Difference between Skill and Knowledge
    Answer:
  • Skill: Practical ability to do something efficiently.
  • Knowledge: Understanding and information gained through learning.



  1. Difference between Reduce and Reuse
    Answer:
  • Reduce: Minimizing usage of a resource.
  • Reuse: Using items repeatedly instead of discarding.



  1. Difference between Conservation and Exploitation of Resources
    Answer:
  • Conservation: Careful, balanced use of resources.
  • Exploitation: Overuse or misuse causing depletion.



  1. Difference between Forest and Plantation
    Answer:
  • Forest: Naturally growing, diverse ecosystem.
  • Plantation: Man-made area of uniform species grown for specific purpose.



  1. Difference between Cultural and Economic Resources
    Answer:
  • Cultural Resources: Intangible, heritage-related (e.g., folk songs).
  • Economic Resources: Can be bought and sold (e.g., minerals, timber).



  1. Difference between Traditional and Modern Methods of Conservation
    Answer:
  • Traditional Methods: Community-based, eco-friendly practices.
  • Modern Methods: Use of technology and laws for resource management.



  1. Difference between Individual and Community Resource Use
    Answer:
  • Individual Use: Controlled by individuals or private ownership (e.g., personal vehicle).
  • Community Use: Shared by a group or the public (e.g., parks, roads).

Assertion and Reason

Answer Options

(A) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
 (B) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
 (C) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
 (D) Assertion is false, but Reason is true.


  1. Assertion: Coal is a non-renewable resource.
     Reason: Coal takes millions of years to form.
     Answer: A
     Explanation: Coal is non-renewable because it takes millions of years to regenerate.


  2. Assertion: Air is considered a renewable resource.
     Reason: Air can be replenished through natural processes.
     Answer: A


  3. Assertion: Human beings are considered resources.
     Reason: Humans have intelligence, skill, and the ability to create resources.
     Answer: A


  4. Assertion: Solar energy is non-renewable.
     Reason: It gets depleted after one-time use.
     Answer: D
     Explanation: Solar energy is renewable and does not get depleted.


  5. Assertion: Reusing old materials helps in conservation.
     Reason: Conservation prevents overuse and waste of resources.
     Answer: A


  6. Assertion: Beautiful landscapes have no value.
     Reason: Only economic value determines whether something is a resource.
     Answer: D


  7. Assertion: Time and technology help convert substances into resources.
     Reason: They increase the usability and value of substances.
     Answer: A


  8. Assertion: Resource conservation is unnecessary when resources are abundant.
     Reason: All resources will last forever.
     Answer: D


  9. Assertion: Gold is a non-renewable resource.
     Reason: It has high economic value.
     Answer: B


  10. Assertion: Water is a renewable resource.
     Reason: It can be replenished through the water cycle.
     Answer: A


  11. Assertion: Non-renewable resources are unlimited.
     Reason: They get renewed quickly through nature.
     Answer: D


  12. Assertion: Affection is a valuable resource.
     Reason: It helps in building emotional strength.
     Answer: B


  13. Assertion: A resource must have utility.
     Reason: Without utility, a substance cannot satisfy human needs.
     Answer: A


  14. Assertion: Knowledge and education help in resource creation.
     Reason: They improve human resource quality.
     Answer: A


  15. Assertion: Machines are natural resources.
     Reason: They are directly found in nature.
     Answer: D


  16. Assertion: Resource stock means the amount available for use.
     Reason: It includes all known and unknown quantities.
     Answer: C


  17. Assertion: Human-made resources exist naturally.
     Reason: They are formed without human intervention.
     Answer: D


  18. Assertion: Using LED lights helps in resource conservation.
     Reason: They consume less electricity.
     Answer: A


  19. Assertion: All renewable resources are infinite.
     Reason: Human use cannot affect them.
     Answer: D


  20. Assertion: Deforestation affects soil quality.
     Reason: Tree roots help hold the soil together.
     Answer: A


  21. Assertion: Building roads improves transport.
     Reason: Roads are a form of human-made resource.
     Answer: A


  22. Assertion: Patent gives rights over ideas.
     Reason: It legally protects inventions.
     Answer: A


  23. Assertion: Burning plastic helps in resource management.
     Reason: It reduces the burden on landfills.
     Answer: D


  24. Assertion: Sustainable development protects future generations.
     Reason: It promotes careful resource use.
     Answer: A


  25. Assertion: Iron ore is a human-made resource.
     Reason: It is created by applying human skill.
     Answer: D


  26. Assertion: Overuse of groundwater leads to water scarcity.
     Reason: Groundwater is non-renewable.
     Answer: C


  27. Assertion: Technology helps humans utilize resources better.
     Reason: It reduces utility of materials.
     Answer: C


  28. Assertion: The sun is a human-made resource.
     Reason: Humans created solar panels to harness sunlight.
     Answer: D


  29. Assertion: Humans can transform raw materials into useful things.
     Reason: Humans have skills, knowledge, and tools.
     Answer: A


  30. Assertion: Petroleum can be renewed in a few years.
     Reason: It is produced by fast natural cycles.
     Answer: D


  31. Assertion: Old folk songs are resources.
     Reason: They preserve cultural knowledge.
     Answer: A


  32. Assertion: People with skills are human resources.
     Reason: Skills add economic and social value to individuals.
     Answer: A


  33. Assertion: Desert and tundra regions have equal natural resources.
     Reason: The Earth has a uniform resource distribution.
     Answer: D


  34. Assertion: Education makes people productive.
     Reason: It enhances mental and physical ability.
     Answer: A


  35. Assertion: Fire was discovered before the invention of the wheel.
     Reason: Cooking began after the wheel was invented.
     Answer: C


  36. Assertion: Trees are non-renewable.
     Reason: They take too long to grow.
     Answer: C


  37. Assertion: Rivers are examples of natural resources.
     Reason: They are formed without human efforts.
     Answer: A


  38. Assertion: All resources must be expensive.
     Reason: Price determines resource classification.
     Answer: D


  39. Assertion: Scientific research can create new resources.
     Reason: It helps in finding new uses for substances.
     Answer: A


  40. Assertion: Resource conservation has no impact on the environment.
     Reason: Environmental health is unrelated to resource use.
     Answer: D


  41. Assertion: Affection is an emotional resource.
     Reason: It builds emotional and social well-being.
     Answer: A


  42. Assertion: Human-made resources are always better than natural ones.
     Reason: They require intelligence to create.
     Answer: C


  43. Assertion: Human beings are interdependent.
     Reason: Different occupations provide support to one another.
     Answer: A


  44. Assertion: Recycling helps save energy.
     Reason: It reduces the need for raw material extraction.
     Answer: A


  45. Assertion: The wheel is a recent invention.
     Reason: It was discovered in the 21st century.
     Answer: D


  46. Assertion: Plastic is a natural resource.
     Reason: It is made from trees and plants.
     Answer: D


  47. Assertion: Overuse of water can cause drought.
     Reason: Excessive withdrawal depletes water tables.
     Answer: A


  48. Assertion: Mountains are human-made resources.
     Reason: They are created by engineering and construction.
     Answer: D


  49. Assertion: Grandmother’s remedies have commercial value today.
     Reason: They are often patented and sold.
     Answer: A


  50. Assertion: Overpopulation can strain resources.
     Reason: More people increase demand on limited supplies.
     Answer: A

True or False

  1. Anything that has utility is called a resource.
     Answer: True


  2. All valuable resources must have a price tag.
     Answer: False


  3. Coal is a renewable resource.
     Answer: False


  4. Water can become scarce due to overuse.
     Answer: True


  5. Iron ore is a natural resource.
     Answer: True


  6. Human-made resources occur naturally.
     Answer: False


  7. All renewable resources are unlimited and cannot be exhausted.
     Answer: False


  8. Technology helps convert substances into useful resources.
     Answer: True


  9. People are not considered resources.
     Answer: False


  10. Time is a factor that can turn substances into resources.
     Answer: True


  11. The wheel was an important invention in human history.
     Answer: True


  12. Forests are examples of human-made resources.
     Answer: False


  13. Soil is a non-renewable resource.
     Answer: False


  14. A patent gives legal rights to an inventor.
     Answer: True


  15. Machines and tools are natural resources.
     Answer: False


  16. Affection has no economic value but is still a resource.
     Answer: True


  17. Sustainable development focuses only on current needs.
     Answer: False


  18. Reusing and recycling help conserve resources.
     Answer: True


  19. Education and health are essential for human resource development.
     Answer: True


  20. Human beings are the only creators of resources.
     Answer: True


  21. Solar and wind energy are examples of non-renewable resources.
     Answer: False


  22. Resource conservation means using resources recklessly.
     Answer: False


  23. A good singing voice is considered a human resource.
     Answer: True


  24. Cotton and wheat are examples of human-made resources.
     Answer: False


  25. The sun is a natural and renewable resource.
     Answer: True


  26. All resources must be expensive to be useful.
     Answer: False


  27. Hydroelectricity is generated using natural water flow.
     Answer: True


  28. Burning waste materials is an example of resource conservation.
     Answer: False


  29. A building is a human-made resource.
     Answer: True


  30. Intelligence and skill are forms of human resource.
     Answer: True


  31. Natural resources are evenly distributed across the world.
     Answer: False


  32. Cultural resources like old songs have no value.
     Answer: False


  33. Water is a non-renewable resource.
     Answer: False


  34. Plastic is a renewable and eco-friendly resource.
     Answer: False


  35. Knowledge can lead to the creation of more resources.
     Answer: True


  36. Conservation of resources has no impact on sustainability.
     Answer: False


  37. All human resources are born with the same skills.
     Answer: False


  38. Overuse of natural resources may lead to environmental problems.
     Answer: True


  39. Sustainable development helps protect future generations.
     Answer: True


  40. Mining is an activity related to human-made resources.
     Answer: False


  41. Human-made resources cannot be reused or recycled.
     Answer: False


  42. Rivers, lakes, and oceans are examples of water resources.
     Answer: True


  43. Paper is made from cotton.
     Answer: False


  44. Resourcefulness means the ability to create or find solutions using available materials.
     Answer: True


  45. A scientist is an example of a natural resource.
     Answer: False


  46. Grandmother’s remedies can become economically valuable if patented.
     Answer: True


  47. The discovery of fire led to modern communication.
     Answer: False


  48. Paper bags help reduce the use of plastic.
     Answer: True


  49. Schools and hospitals are examples of natural resources.
     Answer: False


  50. Humans are both creators and users of resources.
     Answer: True

Long Answer Questions

  1. What is a resource? Explain with examples.
     Answer: A resource is anything that can be used to satisfy a human need and has utility. For example, water quenches thirst, books help in learning, and electricity powers homes. These all become resources because they fulfill needs and are useful.


  2. Define utility and value in the context of resources.
     Answer: Utility refers to the usefulness of an object. If something is useful, it becomes a resource. Value means the worth of a resource. It can be economic, like gold, or non-economic, like affection or scenic beauty.


  3. Describe the major types of resources.
     Answer: Resources are mainly classified as:
     (i) Natural resources – Found in nature (air, water, minerals).
     (ii) Human-made resources – Created by modifying natural resources (buildings, roads).
     (iii) Human resources – People with skills and knowledge (doctors, teachers).


  4. What are renewable resources? Give examples and explain how they can become scarce.
     Answer: Renewable resources are those that can replenish naturally over time, like sunlight, wind, water, and forests. However, overuse or careless exploitation can make some renewable resources like water and forests scarce.


  5. What are non-renewable resources? Why should they be conserved?
     Answer: Non-renewable resources are available in limited quantities and take thousands or millions of years to form. Examples include coal, petroleum, and natural gas. They should be conserved because once exhausted, they cannot be quickly replaced.


  6. Explain the role of human beings in resource development.
     Answer: Human beings are the most valuable resource. They use their knowledge, intelligence, and technology to convert natural substances into useful resources. Without human effort, many substances would remain unused and undeveloped.


  7. What is human resource development? Why is it important?
     Answer: Human resource development involves improving the quality of people through education, training, and health. It is important because skilled and healthy people can create more resources and contribute to economic and social development.


  8. Explain how time and technology transform substances into resources.
     Answer: Time and technology increase the usability and value of substances. For example, oil was not a resource until the invention of engines. Similarly, uranium became valuable after nuclear technology was developed.


  9. Describe the unequal distribution of natural resources.
     Answer: Natural resources are not equally distributed across the Earth due to varying factors like terrain, climate, and altitude. For example, mineral-rich areas may lack fertile land, while plains may be good for agriculture but lack minerals.


  10. How do human beings create human-made resources? Give examples.
     Answer: Human-made resources are created when humans modify natural resources using tools and technology. For example, iron ore is turned into steel, which is then used to make bridges, machines, and buildings.


  11. Why is resource conservation important? Suggest some ways to conserve resources.
     Answer: Resource conservation is essential to prevent depletion and ensure their availability for future generations. Methods include reducing wastage, reusing materials, recycling waste, and using energy-efficient appliances.


  12. What is sustainable development? Mention its main principles.
     Answer: Sustainable development means using resources to meet current needs without compromising future generations. Principles include:


  • Respect for all life
  • Improving quality of life
  • Conserving natural resources
  • Reducing waste
  • Empowering communities
  1. Discuss the characteristics of natural resources with examples.
    Answer: Natural resources are obtained directly from nature. They are either renewable (air, water) or non-renewable (coal, oil). They form the basis of life and economic activity but must be used carefully.


  2. How can students contribute to conservation of resources?
    Answer: Students can help by switching off lights and fans when not in use, saving water, reusing notebooks and paper, avoiding plastic, and spreading awareness about sustainable habits.


  3. How does utility determine whether something is a resource?
    Answer: If a substance can satisfy a human need, it has utility and becomes a resource. For example, wind becomes a resource when used to generate electricity.


  4. Differentiate between natural, human-made, and human resources with examples.
    Answer:


  • Natural: Occur in nature (water, soil)
  • Human-made: Created using natural resources (machines, roads)
  • Human: People with abilities (engineers, doctors)
  1. Explain how resources can change with time and needs.
    Answer: A substance not useful today may become a resource in the future. For example, uranium became a valuable resource after the invention of nuclear energy. Similarly, wind became valuable with the development of wind turbines.


  2. What are the differences between renewable and non-renewable resources? Give examples.
    Answer:


  • Renewable: Replenish quickly, e.g., wind, sunlight.
  • Non-renewable: Limited stock, take long to form, e.g., coal, oil.
  1. Give examples of how traditional knowledge can become valuable resources.
    Answer: Grandmother’s herbal remedies, if researched and patented, can be sold as medicines, gaining economic value and becoming a commercial resource.


  2. Why is affections from friends and family considered a resource?
    Answer: Though it has no economic value, affection satisfies emotional needs, making it a non-material, yet important, resource.


  3. Explain the importance of forests as a natural resource.
    Answer: Forests provide wood, maintain oxygen balance, support biodiversity, prevent soil erosion, and contribute to the economy.


  4. Why is water considered both a renewable and limited resource?
    Answer: Water is renewable due to the water cycle, but overuse and pollution can lead to local shortages, making it a limited resource.


  5. How did the invention of fire and the wheel contribute to resource development?
    Answer: Fire led to cooking and metal work, while the wheel led to transportation, both transforming human life and enabling resource development.


  6. Why are some resources considered to have no commercial value? Give examples.
    Answer: Resources like beautiful scenery or folk songs may not be sold for money, but they have cultural or emotional value.


  7. What role do scientists play in resource development?
    Answer: Scientists create new technologies, discover new uses of substances, and improve existing methods, increasing the efficiency and value of resources.


  8. Explain the concept of stock of resources.
    Answer: It refers to the amount of a resource available for use. It includes all known and usable reserves of that resource.


  9. Why should we respect and care for all forms of life?
    Answer: All living beings contribute to the ecosystem. Their survival ensures ecological balance and sustainable life on Earth.


  10. How can communities manage their local environment?
    Answer: By planting trees, managing water sources, reducing waste, and promoting eco-friendly practices at the community level.


  11. Explain how reducing, reusing, and recycling help in resource conservation.
    Answer:


  • Reducing limits consumption
  • Reusing gives items a longer life
  • Recycling turns waste into useful materials, minimizing extraction of new resources
  1. Give reasons why sustainable development is necessary.
    Answer: It ensures that future generations also have access to clean water, fertile land, and other vital resources for survival.


  2. How does the use of technology increase resource efficiency?
    Answer: Technology improves extraction, processing, and utilization, reducing waste and maximizing benefits from limited resources.


  3. Describe how human-made resources are created.
    Answer: By modifying natural resources using tools and human effort. For example, iron ore is used to make steel which is used in buildings.


  4. What are intangible resources? Give two examples.
    Answer: Resources that are not physically visible but have value. Examples: intelligence, affection.


  5. What factors affect the stock and renewal of renewable resources?
    Answer: Overuse, pollution, climate conditions, and mismanagement can all reduce availability and renewal rate of renewable resources.


  6. List any five items used in daily life and classify them as natural, human-made, or human resource.
    Answer:


  • Air – Natural
  • Water – Natural
  • Books – Human-made
  • Teacher – Human
  • Electricity – Human-made
  1. Why is human intelligence a valuable resource?
    Answer: It leads to invention, discovery, problem-solving, and the transformation of raw materials into useful goods.


  2. What is the role of education in creating valuable human resources?
    Answer: Education develops skills, builds knowledge, and prepares individuals to contribute productively to society and economy.


  3. How can traditional practices help in resource conservation?
    Answer: Traditional water harvesting, organic farming, and herbal medicine reduce dependence on industrial resources and support sustainability.


  4. How is electricity both a user and a product of resources?
    Answer: It is generated using resources like coal or water, and is used to run machines, homes, and industries.


  5. Mention five ways by which students can promote sustainable development.
    Answer:
    Save water and electricity
    Use both sides of paper
    Avoid plastic
    Reuse items
    Spread awareness

  6. What is the importance of afforestation in sustainable development?
    Answer: Afforestation increases green cover, restores biodiversity, prevents erosion, and helps replenish natural resources.

    |
  7. How can modern technology make resource use more sustainable?Answer: By improving efficiency, reducing waste, and enabling renewable energy use, modern tech ensures long-term resource availability.

  8. What is the role of families in resource conservation?

    Answer:     Families teach habits like turning off lights, not wasting food, reusing items—all contributing to conservation.


  9. Why is plastic considered a harmful resource?
    Answer: Though useful, plastic is non-biodegradable, pollutes land and water, and harms wildlife and ecosystems.


  10. Why do different regions have different types of resources?
    Answer: Due to variations in climate, terrain, vegetation, and geological conditions, resources differ across regions.


  11. How do human values like cooperation help in resource sharing?
    Answer: Cooperation ensures equitable use, reduces conflict, and promotes efficient, sustainable resource management.


  12. What is the significance of conserving biodiversity as part of sustainable development?
    Answer: Biodiversity maintains ecosystem stability, supports food chains, and ensures availability of genetic resources for future needs.


  13. How does overpopulation affect resources?
    Answer: It increases demand, leads to overuse, strain on infrastructure, depletion of natural resources, and environmental degradation.


  14. Explain the role of youth in promoting resource awareness.
    Answer: Youth can adopt eco-friendly habits, influence families, participate in campaigns, and lead innovations for sustainability.


  15. Summarize the main message of the chapter “Resources.”
     Answer: The chapter teaches that everything useful to humans is a resource, and it must be used wisely through conservation, human effort, and sustainable development to ensure well-being for all.

Give Reasons

  1. Give reason: Air is considered a resource.
     Answer: Because it is useful for breathing, supports life, and has utility.


  2. Give reason: Coal is a non-renewable resource.
     Answer: Because it takes millions of years to form and cannot be replenished in a human lifetime.


  3. Give reason: Water, though renewable, can become scarce.
     Answer: Because overuse and pollution can deplete its stock and affect availability.


  4. Give reason: Humans are considered the most important resource.
     Answer: Because they use knowledge and skills to create and utilize other resources.


  5. Give reason: Plastic is not an environment-friendly resource.
     Answer: Because it is non-biodegradable and causes pollution to land and water.


  6. Give reason: Technology helps in converting substances into resources.
     Answer: Because it enhances the utility and accessibility of natural materials.


  7. Give reason: Education is essential for human resource development.
     Answer: Because it improves knowledge, skills, and productivity of individuals.


  8. Give reason: Forests are called renewable resources.
     Answer: Because they can grow again through natural regeneration if conserved.


  9. Give reason: Affection is also considered a resource.
     Answer: Because it satisfies emotional needs, even though it has no economic value.


  10. Give reason: Grandmother’s home remedies can become commercial resources.
     Answer: Because if patented and marketed, they can have economic value.


  11. Give reason: Human-made resources cannot exist without natural resources.
     Answer: Because they are created by modifying natural materials using human skill.


  12. Give reason: Resource conservation is important.
     Answer: Because it ensures availability for future generations and prevents overexploitation.


  13. Give reason: The discovery of fire was an important step in human development.
     Answer: Because it enabled cooking, warmth, and later metal work and industry.


  14. Give reason: The wheel is considered a revolutionary invention.
     Answer: Because it led to the development of transport and machinery.


  15. Give reason: The distribution of resources is unequal on Earth.
     Answer: Because terrain, climate, and altitude vary from place to place.


  16. Give reason: Reusing materials helps conserve resources.
     Answer: Because it reduces the need for raw material extraction and waste generation.


  17. Give reason: Human skills and knowledge are valuable resources.
     Answer: Because they help create, improve, and manage other resources efficiently.


  18. Give reason: Value of a resource may change with time.
     Answer: Because human needs and technology evolve, making previously useless things valuable.


  19. Give reason: Some resources have no economic value.
     Answer: Because they cannot be bought or sold but still satisfy human needs, like beauty or affection.


  20. Give reason: Overpopulation leads to resource depletion.
     Answer: Because it increases demand and pressure on available resources.


  21. Give reason: Energy from sunlight is a renewable resource.
     Answer: Because it is available continuously and is not exhausted by use.


  22. Give reason: A river is a natural resource.
     Answer: Because it exists in nature and provides water for various needs.


  23. Give reason: Human resource development is necessary.
     Answer: Because it increases the efficiency, creativity, and productivity of people.


  24. Give reason: Machines are called human-made resources.
     Answer: Because they are manufactured by humans using natural resources.


  25. Give reason: Resource creation depends on human effort.
     Answer: Because it is humans who discover utility, extract, and develop resources.


  26. Give reason: Knowledge transforms potential into actual resource.
     Answer: Because it helps identify and use materials that fulfill human needs.


  27. Give reason: Forests are important to maintain ecological balance.
     Answer: Because they absorb CO₂, release oxygen, support biodiversity, and prevent soil erosion.


  28. Give reason: Saving electricity is a form of resource conservation.
     Answer: Because electricity is generated using resources like water or coal, which are limited.


  29. Give reason: Overuse of soil reduces agricultural productivity.
     Answer: Because it leads to nutrient depletion and soil erosion.


  30. Give reason: Recycled paper helps save trees.
     Answer: Because it reduces the need to cut new trees for fresh paper production.


  31. Give reason: Climate affects the availability of natural resources.
     Answer: Because rainfall, temperature, and weather conditions influence resource formation and use.


  32. Give reason: Windmills were not useful in ancient times.
     Answer: Because the technology to harness wind energy had not yet been developed.


  33. Give reason: Value of metals is economic.
     Answer: Because they can be sold in markets and used for production and trade.


  34. Give reason: Natural gas is a non-renewable resource.
     Answer: Because its formation takes millions of years and reserves are limited.


  35. Give reason: Resource planning is necessary.
     Answer: Because it ensures efficient and sustainable use of limited resources.


  36. Give reason: Humans are both users and creators of resources.
     Answer: Because they consume resources and also modify/create them through knowledge and tools.


  37. Give reason: Cultural resources must be preserved.
     Answer: Because they reflect history, identity, and are important for future generations.


  38. Give reason: Paper should not be wasted.
     Answer: Because it is made from trees, which are vital natural resources.


  39. Give reason: Traditional practices are useful in resource conservation.
     Answer: Because they are often eco-friendly, low-cost, and sustainable.


  40. Give reason: Not all resources have commercial value.
     Answer: Because some like love, trust, or heritage serve social or emotional purposes.


  41. Give reason: Wind energy is a clean source of power.
     Answer: Because it does not emit pollution or greenhouse gases.


  42. Give reason: Plastic bags should be avoided.
     Answer: Because they cause pollution and are not biodegradable.


  43. Give reason: Patent laws encourage innovation.
     Answer: Because they reward inventors and protect their inventions legally.


  44. Give reason: Road is a human-made resource.
     Answer: Because it is constructed using materials and human effort.


  45. Give reason: Resources must be used sustainably.
     Answer: Because overuse today can cause shortages and problems for future generations.


  46. Give reason: A child with education is a resource.
     Answer: Because education equips them with knowledge and skills to contribute to society.


  47. Give reason: The term “utility” is central to the concept of a resource.
     Answer: Because only useful things are considered resources.


  48. Give reason: Mining should be done responsibly.
     Answer: Because careless mining causes land degradation and resource depletion.


  49. Give reason: Reusing clothes to make bags is helpful.
     Answer: Because it reduces waste and conserves fabric resources.


  50. Give reason: Resource-based conflicts can occur between regions.
     Answer: Because uneven distribution and overuse can lead to competition and disputes.

Arrange the Words 

Case Studies

Case Study 1

Ravi lives in a desert region where water is scarce. He has started collecting rainwater in tanks during monsoon to use for drinking and farming.
 Question: Which concept is reflected in Ravi’s action?
 Answer: Resource conservation

 

Case Study 2

A company starts using wind turbines to produce electricity instead of coal-based plants.
 Question: What type of resource is being promoted by the company?
 Answer: Renewable resource

 

Case Study 3

Maya reuses her old notebooks to make paper bags and distributes them to her friends.
 Question: Which method of resource conservation is Maya applying?
 Answer: Reuse

 

Case Study 4

The villagers in Uttarakhand plant new trees every year to restore deforested land.
 Question: What type of development are the villagers contributing to?
 Answer: Sustainable development

 

Case Study 5

Suresh’s grandmother has several traditional herbal remedies. A company asks to patent and sell them as medicines.
 Question: What will these remedies become if patented and sold?
 Answer: Economically valuable resources

 

Case Study 6

A student writes a science project on how fire helped early humans transform their lifestyle.
 Question: How is fire related to resource development?
 Answer: It was a discovery that led to cooking and further innovations.

 

Case Study 7

In a hilly region, iron ore is present, but people do not know how to extract it.
 Question: Is iron ore a resource in this context? Why or why not?
 Answer: No, because it lacks utility until people know how to use it.

 

Case Study 8

Rani’s father uses solar panels to power their home and avoids using diesel generators.
 Question: What type of resource is being used, and why is it preferred?
 Answer: Solar energy – because it is renewable and non-polluting.

 

Case Study 9

A company is fined for overusing groundwater for bottling plants in a drought-prone area.
 Question: Why was the company penalized?
 Answer: For exploiting a renewable resource unsustainably.

 

Case Study 10

In a remote village, the teacher helps students plant vegetable gardens using compost and rainwater harvesting.
 Question: Which resource conservation principles are being applied?
 Answer: Reduce, reuse, and sustainable development.

 

Case Study 11

A transport company shifts from using petrol vehicles to electric ones.
 Question: What kind of resource usage is being promoted here?
 Answer: Use of clean, renewable energy.

 

Case Study 12

An island country has abundant tidal waves. It sets up tidal energy plants to power its homes.
 Question: What type of resource is being used here?
 Answer: Renewable natural resource

 

Case Study 13

Villagers notice less crop yield every year due to soil erosion from cutting nearby forests.
 Question: What resource is being affected and why?
 Answer: Soil – due to deforestation leading to erosion.

 

Case Study 14

Two neighboring states fight over water from a common river.
 Question: What is the main reason for the conflict?
 Answer: Unequal distribution and overuse of a natural resource.

 

Case Study 15

Leela sees her brother keeping the tap running while brushing his teeth and tells him to stop.
 Question: What value is Leela demonstrating?
 Answer: Awareness about resource conservation

 

Case Study 16

In a school project, children make posters showing ways to reduce electricity use at home.
 Question: Which form of resource are they promoting?
 Answer: Human-made resource (electricity) conservation

 

Case Study 17

A region rich in petroleum becomes an economic hub due to oil exports.
 Question: What kind of value is demonstrated by petroleum here?
 Answer: Economic value

 

Case Study 18

Nikhil designs an app to help people track their water usage. He patents the idea and earns money.
 Question: What does the patent provide Nikhil?
 Answer: Legal right over his invention

 

Case Study 19

During an exhibition, children show how everyday items like twigs and leaves can be reused as decorations.
 Question: What type of resourcefulness is shown here?
 Answer: Creating utility from simple natural items

 

Case Study 20

A city promotes carpooling, bicycle lanes, and public transport over private vehicles.
 Question: How does this help in conserving resources?
 Answer: It reduces fuel consumption and promotes sustainability.

Numericals

Numeric problems are not available for this chapter.

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